Class Wiki - User contributions [en]

Intro to CAD

2015-02-26T00:37:10Z

Austin.vohpohle: /* Persistence of Vision Bike Light 2015 */

This page is for the Intro to Engineering ENGR 122 EE/CPE Section

Two Dimensional CAD
* [http://www.3ds.com/products-services/draftsight/download-draftsight/?xtor=SEC-6-GOO-%5b%5d-%5bold%5d-S-%5bdraftsight%5d&gclid=CIr898Cm7bsCFYN_Qgodjk8Arg DraftSight] is an AutoCAD clone. Presently it is rather like AutoCAD 2006 or 2007.
** [http://www.3ds.com/fileadmin/PRODUCTS/DRAFT_SIGHT/PDF/GETTING-STARTED-GUIDE.pdf Getting Started With DraftSight]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/01b608e2#/01b608e2/1 Fundamentals Flipbook]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/5cb01be7#/5cb01be7/1) Master Flipbook Volume 1]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/bd1e972f#/bd1e972f/1 Master Flipbook Volume 2]
** [http://www.3ds.com/products-services/draftsight/resource-center/webinars/ DraftSight Webinars]
** [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5-TD-TzsHsY Adding new line styles to your drawing]
** [https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rfAfMXhvlVRe-M&tbnid=ge6y_tLe4TkB9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anopticalillusion.com%2F2013%2F12%2Fpinnas-illusory-intertwining-effect%2F&ei=gsHNUv_qItPjoASe1IKYDw&bvm=bv.58187178,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGwTXUhCKhv7C39kHMJTxKcP9QbeA&ust=1389302530108958 Lab 1, Optical Illusion Exercise]
* [http://www.unm.edu/~bgreen/autocad/AutoCAD%202.pdf Orthographic Projection (Front, Side and Top View) Drawing Tutorial]
===Persistence of Vision Bike Light 2015===
The POV project will use the Arduino Mini Pro which is a very inexpensive Arduino on a circuit board measuring 18 mm x 34 mm. The LEDs will be [http://www.cree.com/~/media/Files/Cree/LED%20Components%20and%20Modules/HB/Data%20Sheets/C503B%20BAS%20BAN%20BCS%20BCN%20GAS%20GAN%20GCS%20GCN%201094.pdf Cree C503B-GAS-CB0F079] which are green and very bright. The idea is that this POV device attaches on a bicycle wheel, and as it spins it will show cartoons or messages. An [http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/MPU-6050 MPU-6050 accelerometer] module circuit, part number [http://playground.arduino.cc/uploads/Main/MPU6050-V1-SCH.jpg GY-521], will be used to compute the angular velocity from the centripital acceleration. A register map for programming purposes can be found [http://www.invensense.com/mems/gyro/documents/RM-MPU-6000A-00v4.2.pdf here].

*The starting CAD drawing from Ralph Stirling is [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~rob.frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/2015/wheelcase2.dxf here].
*[http://www.dipmicro.com/img/1/GY521-MOD-2.jpg A photo of the GY-521] which is 0.6" x 0.8" approximately.
*The website I pulled up in class with the measurements for the [http://www.dx.com/p/gy-521-mpu6050-3-axis-acceleration-gyroscope-6dof-module-blue-154602#.VNvKHfnF98E accelorometer] are here.
*[http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/BK-82/BK-82-ND/2079903 These] are the battery clips we will be using.
*[http://pighixxx.com/prominiv3_0.pdf Pinout for the Arduino Pro Mini]
*[http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lsbHPKOtTKk/UxpT6-zXaRI/AAAAAAAABU8/KQJ_yrpIYcE/s1600/GY-521_MPU-6050_Arduino-Wiring-Diagram_Example.png Schematic on wiring the GY-521 to the Arduino Pro Mini]
*[https://github.com/jrowberg/i2cdevlib/tree/master/Arduino/MPU6050/Examples Jeff Rowberg's nice I2C library for the MPU-6050]
*[http://www.geekmomprojects.com/mpu-6050-dmp-data-from-i2cdevlib/ Demos using Jeff Rowberg's library and the MPU-6050]
*[http://www.cree.com/~/media/Files/Cree/LED%20Components%20and%20Modules/HB/Data%20Sheets/C503B%20BAS%20BAN%20BCS%20BCN%20GAS%20GAN%20GCS%20GCN%201094.pdf Data Sheet for the Cree LEDs we are using]
* Photos of the Arduino Pro Mini
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Arduino_Pro_Mini_Back.jpg Photo of the back of the Arduino]
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Arduino_Pro_Mini_Front.jpg Front]
* Check your files at [https://www.my4pcb.com/net35/FreeDFMNet/FreeDFMHome.aspx#_ga=1.135621233.1922064481.1424304322 this cite].

===Persistence of Vision Bike Light Project 2014===
This project will use a 3.3 volt [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardProMini Arduino Pro Mini] clone that you will design the circuit board, housing, and software for. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistence_of_vision Persistence of vision] is a psychological effect that allows you to see two dimensional images that were created by one dimensional flashing LEDs. Here are some similar projects:
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKmpINvPJYk This] is video shows some POV projects from Japan.
*[http://hackedgadgets.com/2007/08/20/arduino-pov/ Arduino on a breadboard spinning with a motor].
*[http://hackaday.com/2013/11/18/a-pov-spinner-display-with-arduino/ Another spinning POV display.]
*[https://github.com/karanjthakkar/Arduino-POV Simple Code for a simple POV device using the Arduino.]
*[http://www.instructables.com/id/Persistence-of-Vision-wand-for-Arduino/ Another simple Arduino POV device with understandable code.]
*[http://www.instructables.com/id/Persistence-of-Vision-Wand/ A POV wand with 20 LEDs, and fairly understandable code.]
We will have an [http://www.freescale.com/files/sensors/doc/data_sheet/MMA8452Q.pdf MMA8452 accelerometer] that communicates via a serial [http://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Wire I2C interface.] The accelerometer will measure the angular acceleration, which will allow the velocity of the bike wheel to be calculated. This will make it possible to flash LEDs at the proper time intervals to spell words, draw pictures, etc., as you ride your bike down the road at night.
* [https://gist.github.com/ghedo/6750945 Here is an Arduino library for using the MMA8452Q.]

The power source for your POV device can be two or three AA, or AAA batteries. You need to design the packaging. Some suggestions that you can consider are:
* Use clear vinyl tubing and corks in the end to house the circuit board, and tie wrap it to the spokes on your bike.
* The [http://www.kingbrightusa.com/images/catalog/SPEC/APT2012SECK.pdf LEDs we purchased] are 20 mA with a forward voltage drop of 2.3 volts, and there are some restrictions on the currents you can draw from the ATMEGA328P shown [http://wiblocks.luciani.org/FAQ/faq-atmega328-pin-current.html here].
* [http://dlnmh9ip6v2uc.cloudfront.net/datasheets/Sensors/Accelerometers/MMA8452Q-Breakout-v11-fixed.pdf Schematic of the accelerometer from Sparkfun]
* [http://dlnmh9ip6v2uc.cloudfront.net/datasheets/Dev/Arduino/Boards/Arduino-Pro-Mini-v13.pdf Schematic of the Arduino we are basing this from]

====Kicad Libraries====
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MMA8452Q.lib MMA8452Q Accelerometer EESchema library]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MIC5205.lib MIC5205 Voltage Regulator EESchema library]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/battery.lib Battery EESchema library]
* [http://kicad.rohrbacher.net/quicklib.php Kicad Schematic Part Creator]
=====Footprints for CVPCB and PCBNew=====
* [https://github.com/AerodyneLabs/KiCadLib Use the BAT-AA-BK92 footprint]
* [http://cds.linear.com/docs/en/packaging/Carsem%20MLP%20users%20guide.pdf This is a document telling about the QFN footprints.]
** [http://cache.freescale.com/files/shared/doc/package_info/98ASA00063D.pdf This is the QFN COL 16 package details.]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Aerodyne_v2.pretty.tar.gz This library (Aerodyne_v2.pretty) has '''all''' the special footprints we need.]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/intro_batterybrd.dxf This is the board outline drawing.] You can import this into PCBNew, using File->Import->DXF File.

====EESchema Checklist====
* ATMEGA328P
* MMA8452Q
* MIC5205
* Do you really want an LED to tell you the device is on? (I'm guessing probably not, so make sure you didn't put one in if you don't.)
* Batteries
* Programming cable connector
* LEDs
* Are the LEDs distributed over Ports B, C and D?
* No errors in the design check?
* Do you have the DOC linked to the datasheet for each important part?
* Do you have the datasheet URL in the datasheet field for each important part?
* Does your schematic look need and tidy?
* Do you have pull up resistors on the I2C bus lines SCL, SDA, and SA0?
* Did you include a programming header for the bootloader?

====Example Schematics & Footprints====
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/POV_Light_5.svg This is an example schematic.] It has provision using jumpers K1 and P3 to select either two or three batteries and a voltage regulator, or two batteries without a regulator. You don't need to do this. I am doing it, so I can have a board that can be configured either way for debugging possible issues. I recommend picking one or the other power supply method.
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/CVPCB.png Example Footprint Selection] You need to select the Aerodyne_v2.pretty in the Preferences->Library Tables in CVPCB in order to find the special footprints.

====Parts Ordered By Ralph====
[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/dk_order.png This is Ralph's parts order.]

====Kicad Videos and Other Information====

*[[Engineering_Electronics]]
{{#ev:youtube|-G6ZHrA4Pck}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCNJWVn9MJuORLQ3ds_U3D7RILfE4zdoL Ashley Mills Video Tutorials on Kicad]

===Getting Started with Kicad===
====Setting Up the Environment and Getting Started====
* Some environment variables should be set such as the two below. Put them in your ~/.profile file at the end.
export KIGITHUB='https://github.com/KiCAD'
export KISYS3DMOD='/usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d'
* In order for them to be activated, you need to logout and login again, or if you don't want to do than right now you can also paste the two lines above into a terminal and start kicad from that.
* Some environment variables should be set such as the two below. Put them in your ~/.profile file at the end.
export KIGITHUB='https://github.com/KiCAD'
export KISYS3DMOD='/usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d'
kicad
* If you want the 3D viewer to know about your Aerodyne_v2 parts, you need to put a symbolic link to the 3D parts in the /usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d/ directory, by doing this from the directory containing the KiCadLib-master directory.
$ sudo ln -s /KiCadLib-master/3D /usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d/3D
====Make the Schematic in EESchema====
You should have done this already.
====CVPCB, Associating Footprint Patterns with Parts====
* Start CVPCB from EESchema after completing the design rules check and creating a netlist.
* Make sure to point the library tables to your [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Aerodyne_v2.pretty.tar.gz Aerodyne_v2.pretty] directory, and select the library type as kicad. You find the tables in CVPCB under Preferences->Library Tables, and you can add a line in the project specific tables. The ${KIPRJMOD} environment variable expansion is the directory of your project.
[[File:Project_Tables.png|800px|Project Files Screenshot]]
* Now you should be able to find the parts you need to associate in PCBNew.

====PCBNew, Designing your Circuit Board====
* Read the [http://edn.com/electronics-blogs/all-aboard-/4429390/Ten-best-practices-of-PCB-design?cid=nl_edn&elq=ee97eb731fbd4d13ac9e2c3cc18ba608&elqCampaignId=15922 The Ten Best Practices of PCB Design].
* After saving in PCBNew, go back to EESchema and start PCBNew.
* Import your [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/intro_batterybrd.dxf board outline] using File->Import->DXF File, and place it in the middle.
* In the Design Rules, change the clearance and track width to 0.008 inches under Net Classes Editor, and set the minimum trace width to 0.008 inches in the Global Design Rules. [[File:Design Rules.png|800px|Design Rules Screenshot]]
* Using the tool on the right of the toolbar for fast access to the web based router, export your Spectra Design file and open it in the web based Free Router. This may take a minute.
* In the Free Router, under Parameter->Autoroute click the Detail Parameter, and set the via costs to 8. Hit return and close the windows for parameters. [[File:FreeRouter.png|800px||FreeRouter Screenshot]]
* Hit the autorouter button and watch it route your board.
* You may have some violations because the pitch of the accelerometer is smaller than we have allowed somewhere. You can ignore this.
* Make sure everything went well and your board was able to complete routing.
* Save the Spectra Session .ses file, and import it back into PCBNew.
* Run a Design Rules Check in PCBNew, and fix any problems.
* Put ground plane on both layers.
* Put your name on the front silk screen layer.
* Plot the Gerbers, being sure to check the boxes for all the ones we need. [[File:Plot Gerbers.png|800px|Plot Gerbers Screenshot]]
* Run [https://www.my4pcb.com/net35/FreeDFMNet/FreeDFMHome.aspx FreeDFM Check].
* Compress your directory, and upload it to D2L.

===Arduino Programming===
This section describes how to program your Arduino. We will start out with your [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardProMini#.Uwo_k3Wx3YAArduino Pro Mini].
====Tool Chain Setup====
You can program Arduinos from a PC, Mac or Linux. On OS X and Windows, you need to download the software:
* [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software#.UwpI3XWx3YA The download page is here.]
* On Windows and OS X, you need to install the driver for the PL2303 usb to serial port device used for programming the arduino.
** On Windows you need to force this driver version by going to device manager, choose update driver from right click into prolific adapter, the choose "browse my computer for driver software", then "let me pick...". On the next window, it should show you different versions of the driver, and you need to choose ver 3.3.2.102. Here is a [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B7FildjsrNkILWhYVHYwanJLS3c/edit link to the driver].
** On Windows 8, you will need a special driver from [http://www.sendspace.com/file/5m5afw here]. Then you will need to follow [http://pcsupport.about.com/od/windows-8/a/update-drivers-windows-8.htm these instructions].
** On OS X, here is the [http://www.prolific.com.tw/US/ShowProduct.aspx?p_id=229&pcid=41 driver download site].
* On Ubuntu you can load it with Synaptic Package Manager (synaptic), and it should already be there on the virtual machines we set up.
* [[Use Codeblocks as Your Arduino IDE on Ubuntu]]

Here is a video showing how to setup the Arduino IDE for your Pro Mini 3.3V ATMEGA328P device.
{{#ev:youtube|BCtseJ3Jov8}}

====Programming Hardware Connections====
The Pro Mini requires a USB to serial TTL device to program it. The ones we purchased don't have the DTR line, so you have to push the reset button on the arduino, then hit the upload button on your computer, and wait until it says "uploading," and then release the reset button on the arduino. The serial connections are shown in the photo.
[[File:Arduino-serial.jpg|left|400px]]

The color code for the wires is:
* Black is GND which connects to the arduino GND.
* Red is +5 volts which connects to the arduino VCC.
* Green is TXO which connects to the arduino RXI
* White is RXI which connects to the arduino TXO
Note: The serial communications protocol is kind of like whispering secrets. You put your lips up to the other person's ear. (TXO -> RXI) T stands for transmit, and R for receive.
* Here is my source code for my [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/LED_Blinker.tar.gz five LED_Blinker].

====Building the Accelerometer Library====
You can use C++ to make Arduino libraries. [http://arduino.cc/en/Hacking/LibraryTutorial#.Uw1F5HWx3YA Here] is a tutorial on how. There is a library already made for the MMA8452Q [https://gist.github.com/ghedo/6750945 here.] There is a tutorial on installing an Arduino library [http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/Libraries#.Uw1HxXWx3YA here.] And [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MMA8452Q.zip here] is the zip file for the library. Download it; don't extract it. Go to the Arduino IDE and select Sketch->Import Library->Add Library. In the file selection dialog that comes up, select the MMA8452Q.zip. It will unzip it into your sketchbook/libraries directory. Then to use it, read the source code on the library. There is an example sketch in the files there that will help you figure out how to read the accelerometer.

===Bootloader Programming===
The bootloader is a program that needs to be loaded into the ATMEGA328P before you can program your Arduino with the USB/serial programmer.

We really should have provided a programming header for that as well as the one for the USB/serial programmer, but since we didn't, the professor will program your ATMEGA328P units using the information on [http://angryelectron.com/how-to-update-the-bootloader-on-arduino-pro-mini-328/ this web page].

I put the [[Bootloader Programming]] procedures here so I will know what I did later.

Intro to CAD

2015-02-19T00:08:00Z

Austin.vohpohle: /* Persistence of Vision Bike Light 2015 */

This page is for the Intro to Engineering ENGR 122 EE/CPE Section

Two Dimensional CAD
* [http://www.3ds.com/products-services/draftsight/download-draftsight/?xtor=SEC-6-GOO-%5b%5d-%5bold%5d-S-%5bdraftsight%5d&gclid=CIr898Cm7bsCFYN_Qgodjk8Arg DraftSight] is an AutoCAD clone. Presently it is rather like AutoCAD 2006 or 2007.
** [http://www.3ds.com/fileadmin/PRODUCTS/DRAFT_SIGHT/PDF/GETTING-STARTED-GUIDE.pdf Getting Started With DraftSight]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/01b608e2#/01b608e2/1 Fundamentals Flipbook]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/5cb01be7#/5cb01be7/1) Master Flipbook Volume 1]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/bd1e972f#/bd1e972f/1 Master Flipbook Volume 2]
** [http://www.3ds.com/products-services/draftsight/resource-center/webinars/ DraftSight Webinars]
** [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5-TD-TzsHsY Adding new line styles to your drawing]
** [https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rfAfMXhvlVRe-M&tbnid=ge6y_tLe4TkB9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anopticalillusion.com%2F2013%2F12%2Fpinnas-illusory-intertwining-effect%2F&ei=gsHNUv_qItPjoASe1IKYDw&bvm=bv.58187178,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGwTXUhCKhv7C39kHMJTxKcP9QbeA&ust=1389302530108958 Lab 1, Optical Illusion Exercise]
* [http://www.unm.edu/~bgreen/autocad/AutoCAD%202.pdf Orthographic Projection (Front, Side and Top View) Drawing Tutorial]
===Persistence of Vision Bike Light 2015===
The POV project will use the Arduino Mini Pro which is a very inexpensive Arduino on a circuit board measuring 18 mm x 34 mm. The LEDs will be [http://www.cree.com/~/media/Files/Cree/LED%20Components%20and%20Modules/HB/Data%20Sheets/C503B%20BAS%20BAN%20BCS%20BCN%20GAS%20GAN%20GCS%20GCN%201094.pdf Cree C503B-GAS-CB0F079] which are green and very bright. The idea is that this POV device attaches on a bicycle wheel, and as it spins it will show cartoons or messages. An [http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/MPU-6050 MPU-6050 accelerometer] module circuit, part number [http://playground.arduino.cc/uploads/Main/MPU6050-V1-SCH.jpg GY-521], will be used to compute the angular velocity from the centripital acceleration.

*The starting CAD drawing from Ralph Stirling is [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~rob.frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/2015/wheelcase2.dxf here].
*[http://www.dipmicro.com/img/1/GY521-MOD-2.jpg A photo of the GY-521] which is 0.6" x 0.8" approximately.
*The website I pulled up in class with the measurements for the [http://www.dx.com/p/gy-521-mpu6050-3-axis-acceleration-gyroscope-6dof-module-blue-154602#.VNvKHfnF98E accelorometer] are here.
*[http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/BK-82/BK-82-ND/2079903 These] are the battery clips we will be using.
*[http://pighixxx.com/prominiv3_0.pdf Pinout for the Arduino Pro Mini]
*[http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lsbHPKOtTKk/UxpT6-zXaRI/AAAAAAAABU8/KQJ_yrpIYcE/s1600/GY-521_MPU-6050_Arduino-Wiring-Diagram_Example.png Schematic on wiring the GY-521 to the Arduino Pro Mini]
*[https://github.com/jrowberg/i2cdevlib/tree/master/Arduino/MPU6050/Examples Jeff Rowberg's nice I2C library for the MPU-6050]
*[http://www.geekmomprojects.com/mpu-6050-dmp-data-from-i2cdevlib/ Demos using Jeff Rowberg's library and the MPU-6050]
*[http://www.cree.com/~/media/Files/Cree/LED%20Components%20and%20Modules/HB/Data%20Sheets/C503B%20BAS%20BAN%20BCS%20BCN%20GAS%20GAN%20GCS%20GCN%201094.pdf Data Sheet for the Cree LEDs we are using]
* Photos of the Arduino Pro Mini
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Arduino_Pro_Mini_Back.jpg Photo of the back of the Arduino]
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Arduino_Pro_Mini_Front.jpg Front]
* Check your files at [https://www.my4pcb.com/net35/FreeDFMNet/FreeDFMHome.aspx#_ga=1.135621233.1922064481.1424304322 this cite].

===Persistence of Vision Bike Light Project 2014===
This project will use a 3.3 volt [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardProMini Arduino Pro Mini] clone that you will design the circuit board, housing, and software for. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistence_of_vision Persistence of vision] is a psychological effect that allows you to see two dimensional images that were created by one dimensional flashing LEDs. Here are some similar projects:
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKmpINvPJYk This] is video shows some POV projects from Japan.
*[http://hackedgadgets.com/2007/08/20/arduino-pov/ Arduino on a breadboard spinning with a motor].
*[http://hackaday.com/2013/11/18/a-pov-spinner-display-with-arduino/ Another spinning POV display.]
*[https://github.com/karanjthakkar/Arduino-POV Simple Code for a simple POV device using the Arduino.]
*[http://www.instructables.com/id/Persistence-of-Vision-wand-for-Arduino/ Another simple Arduino POV device with understandable code.]
*[http://www.instructables.com/id/Persistence-of-Vision-Wand/ A POV wand with 20 LEDs, and fairly understandable code.]
We will have an [http://www.freescale.com/files/sensors/doc/data_sheet/MMA8452Q.pdf MMA8452 accelerometer] that communicates via a serial [http://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Wire I2C interface.] The accelerometer will measure the angular acceleration, which will allow the velocity of the bike wheel to be calculated. This will make it possible to flash LEDs at the proper time intervals to spell words, draw pictures, etc., as you ride your bike down the road at night.
* [https://gist.github.com/ghedo/6750945 Here is an Arduino library for using the MMA8452Q.]

The power source for your POV device can be two or three AA, or AAA batteries. You need to design the packaging. Some suggestions that you can consider are:
* Use clear vinyl tubing and corks in the end to house the circuit board, and tie wrap it to the spokes on your bike.
* The [http://www.kingbrightusa.com/images/catalog/SPEC/APT2012SECK.pdf LEDs we purchased] are 20 mA with a forward voltage drop of 2.3 volts, and there are some restrictions on the currents you can draw from the ATMEGA328P shown [http://wiblocks.luciani.org/FAQ/faq-atmega328-pin-current.html here].
* [http://dlnmh9ip6v2uc.cloudfront.net/datasheets/Sensors/Accelerometers/MMA8452Q-Breakout-v11-fixed.pdf Schematic of the accelerometer from Sparkfun]
* [http://dlnmh9ip6v2uc.cloudfront.net/datasheets/Dev/Arduino/Boards/Arduino-Pro-Mini-v13.pdf Schematic of the Arduino we are basing this from]

====Kicad Libraries====
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MMA8452Q.lib MMA8452Q Accelerometer EESchema library]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MIC5205.lib MIC5205 Voltage Regulator EESchema library]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/battery.lib Battery EESchema library]
* [http://kicad.rohrbacher.net/quicklib.php Kicad Schematic Part Creator]
=====Footprints for CVPCB and PCBNew=====
* [https://github.com/AerodyneLabs/KiCadLib Use the BAT-AA-BK92 footprint]
* [http://cds.linear.com/docs/en/packaging/Carsem%20MLP%20users%20guide.pdf This is a document telling about the QFN footprints.]
** [http://cache.freescale.com/files/shared/doc/package_info/98ASA00063D.pdf This is the QFN COL 16 package details.]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Aerodyne_v2.pretty.tar.gz This library (Aerodyne_v2.pretty) has '''all''' the special footprints we need.]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/intro_batterybrd.dxf This is the board outline drawing.] You can import this into PCBNew, using File->Import->DXF File.

====EESchema Checklist====
* ATMEGA328P
* MMA8452Q
* MIC5205
* Do you really want an LED to tell you the device is on? (I'm guessing probably not, so make sure you didn't put one in if you don't.)
* Batteries
* Programming cable connector
* LEDs
* Are the LEDs distributed over Ports B, C and D?
* No errors in the design check?
* Do you have the DOC linked to the datasheet for each important part?
* Do you have the datasheet URL in the datasheet field for each important part?
* Does your schematic look need and tidy?
* Do you have pull up resistors on the I2C bus lines SCL, SDA, and SA0?
* Did you include a programming header for the bootloader?

====Example Schematics & Footprints====
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/POV_Light_5.svg This is an example schematic.] It has provision using jumpers K1 and P3 to select either two or three batteries and a voltage regulator, or two batteries without a regulator. You don't need to do this. I am doing it, so I can have a board that can be configured either way for debugging possible issues. I recommend picking one or the other power supply method.
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/CVPCB.png Example Footprint Selection] You need to select the Aerodyne_v2.pretty in the Preferences->Library Tables in CVPCB in order to find the special footprints.

====Parts Ordered By Ralph====
[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/dk_order.png This is Ralph's parts order.]

====Kicad Videos and Other Information====

*[[Engineering_Electronics]]
{{#ev:youtube|-G6ZHrA4Pck}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCNJWVn9MJuORLQ3ds_U3D7RILfE4zdoL Ashley Mills Video Tutorials on Kicad]

===Getting Started with Kicad===
====Setting Up the Environment and Getting Started====
* Some environment variables should be set such as the two below. Put them in your ~/.profile file at the end.
export KIGITHUB='https://github.com/KiCAD'
export KISYS3DMOD='/usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d'
* In order for them to be activated, you need to logout and login again, or if you don't want to do than right now you can also paste the two lines above into a terminal and start kicad from that.
* Some environment variables should be set such as the two below. Put them in your ~/.profile file at the end.
export KIGITHUB='https://github.com/KiCAD'
export KISYS3DMOD='/usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d'
kicad
* If you want the 3D viewer to know about your Aerodyne_v2 parts, you need to put a symbolic link to the 3D parts in the /usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d/ directory, by doing this from the directory containing the KiCadLib-master directory.
$ sudo ln -s /KiCadLib-master/3D /usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d/3D
====Make the Schematic in EESchema====
You should have done this already.
====CVPCB, Associating Footprint Patterns with Parts====
* Start CVPCB from EESchema after completing the design rules check and creating a netlist.
* Make sure to point the library tables to your [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Aerodyne_v2.pretty.tar.gz Aerodyne_v2.pretty] directory, and select the library type as kicad. You find the tables in CVPCB under Preferences->Library Tables, and you can add a line in the project specific tables. The ${KIPRJMOD} environment variable expansion is the directory of your project.
[[File:Project_Tables.png|800px|Project Files Screenshot]]
* Now you should be able to find the parts you need to associate in PCBNew.

====PCBNew, Designing your Circuit Board====
* Read the [http://edn.com/electronics-blogs/all-aboard-/4429390/Ten-best-practices-of-PCB-design?cid=nl_edn&elq=ee97eb731fbd4d13ac9e2c3cc18ba608&elqCampaignId=15922 The Ten Best Practices of PCB Design].
* After saving in PCBNew, go back to EESchema and start PCBNew.
* Import your [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/intro_batterybrd.dxf board outline] using File->Import->DXF File, and place it in the middle.
* In the Design Rules, change the clearance and track width to 0.008 inches under Net Classes Editor, and set the minimum trace width to 0.008 inches in the Global Design Rules. [[File:Design Rules.png|800px|Design Rules Screenshot]]
* Using the tool on the right of the toolbar for fast access to the web based router, export your Spectra Design file and open it in the web based Free Router. This may take a minute.
* In the Free Router, under Parameter->Autoroute click the Detail Parameter, and set the via costs to 8. Hit return and close the windows for parameters. [[File:FreeRouter.png|800px||FreeRouter Screenshot]]
* Hit the autorouter button and watch it route your board.
* You may have some violations because the pitch of the accelerometer is smaller than we have allowed somewhere. You can ignore this.
* Make sure everything went well and your board was able to complete routing.
* Save the Spectra Session .ses file, and import it back into PCBNew.
* Run a Design Rules Check in PCBNew, and fix any problems.
* Put ground plane on both layers.
* Put your name on the front silk screen layer.
* Plot the Gerbers, being sure to check the boxes for all the ones we need. [[File:Plot Gerbers.png|800px|Plot Gerbers Screenshot]]
* Run [https://www.my4pcb.com/net35/FreeDFMNet/FreeDFMHome.aspx FreeDFM Check].
* Compress your directory, and upload it to D2L.

===Arduino Programming===
This section describes how to program your Arduino. We will start out with your [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardProMini#.Uwo_k3Wx3YAArduino Pro Mini].
====Tool Chain Setup====
You can program Arduinos from a PC, Mac or Linux. On OS X and Windows, you need to download the software:
* [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software#.UwpI3XWx3YA The download page is here.]
* On Windows and OS X, you need to install the driver for the PL2303 usb to serial port device used for programming the arduino.
** On Windows you need to force this driver version by going to device manager, choose update driver from right click into prolific adapter, the choose "browse my computer for driver software", then "let me pick...". On the next window, it should show you different versions of the driver, and you need to choose ver 3.3.2.102. Here is a [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B7FildjsrNkILWhYVHYwanJLS3c/edit link to the driver].
** On Windows 8, you will need a special driver from [http://www.sendspace.com/file/5m5afw here]. Then you will need to follow [http://pcsupport.about.com/od/windows-8/a/update-drivers-windows-8.htm these instructions].
** On OS X, here is the [http://www.prolific.com.tw/US/ShowProduct.aspx?p_id=229&pcid=41 driver download site].
* On Ubuntu you can load it with Synaptic Package Manager (synaptic), and it should already be there on the virtual machines we set up.
* [[Use Codeblocks as Your Arduino IDE on Ubuntu]]

Here is a video showing how to setup the Arduino IDE for your Pro Mini 3.3V ATMEGA328P device.
{{#ev:youtube|BCtseJ3Jov8}}

====Programming Hardware Connections====
The Pro Mini requires a USB to serial TTL device to program it. The ones we purchased don't have the DTR line, so you have to push the reset button on the arduino, then hit the upload button on your computer, and wait until it says "uploading," and then release the reset button on the arduino. The serial connections are shown in the photo.
[[File:Arduino-serial.jpg|left|400px]]

The color code for the wires is:
* Black is GND which connects to the arduino GND.
* Red is +5 volts which connects to the arduino VCC.
* Green is TXO which connects to the arduino RXI
* White is RXI which connects to the arduino TXO
Note: The serial communications protocol is kind of like whispering secrets. You put your lips up to the other person's ear. (TXO -> RXI) T stands for transmit, and R for receive.
* Here is my source code for my [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/LED_Blinker.tar.gz five LED_Blinker].

====Building the Accelerometer Library====
You can use C++ to make Arduino libraries. [http://arduino.cc/en/Hacking/LibraryTutorial#.Uw1F5HWx3YA Here] is a tutorial on how. There is a library already made for the MMA8452Q [https://gist.github.com/ghedo/6750945 here.] There is a tutorial on installing an Arduino library [http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/Libraries#.Uw1HxXWx3YA here.] And [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MMA8452Q.zip here] is the zip file for the library. Download it; don't extract it. Go to the Arduino IDE and select Sketch->Import Library->Add Library. In the file selection dialog that comes up, select the MMA8452Q.zip. It will unzip it into your sketchbook/libraries directory. Then to use it, read the source code on the library. There is an example sketch in the files there that will help you figure out how to read the accelerometer.

===Bootloader Programming===
The bootloader is a program that needs to be loaded into the ATMEGA328P before you can program your Arduino with the USB/serial programmer.

We really should have provided a programming header for that as well as the one for the USB/serial programmer, but since we didn't, the professor will program your ATMEGA328P units using the information on [http://angryelectron.com/how-to-update-the-bootloader-on-arduino-pro-mini-328/ this web page].

I put the [[Bootloader Programming]] procedures here so I will know what I did later.

Intro to CAD

2015-02-11T23:53:44Z

Austin.vohpohle: /* Persistence of Vision Bike Light 2015 */

This page is for the Intro to Engineering ENGR 122 EE/CPE Section

Two Dimensional CAD
* [http://www.3ds.com/products-services/draftsight/download-draftsight/?xtor=SEC-6-GOO-%5b%5d-%5bold%5d-S-%5bdraftsight%5d&gclid=CIr898Cm7bsCFYN_Qgodjk8Arg DraftSight] is an AutoCAD clone. Presently it is rather like AutoCAD 2006 or 2007.
** [http://www.3ds.com/fileadmin/PRODUCTS/DRAFT_SIGHT/PDF/GETTING-STARTED-GUIDE.pdf Getting Started With DraftSight]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/01b608e2#/01b608e2/1 Fundamentals Flipbook]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/5cb01be7#/5cb01be7/1) Master Flipbook Volume 1]
** [http://viewer.zmags.com/publication/bd1e972f#/bd1e972f/1 Master Flipbook Volume 2]
** [http://www.3ds.com/products-services/draftsight/resource-center/webinars/ DraftSight Webinars]
** [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5-TD-TzsHsY Adding new line styles to your drawing]
** [https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&docid=rfAfMXhvlVRe-M&tbnid=ge6y_tLe4TkB9M:&ved=0CAUQjRw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.anopticalillusion.com%2F2013%2F12%2Fpinnas-illusory-intertwining-effect%2F&ei=gsHNUv_qItPjoASe1IKYDw&bvm=bv.58187178,d.cGU&psig=AFQjCNGwTXUhCKhv7C39kHMJTxKcP9QbeA&ust=1389302530108958 Lab 1, Optical Illusion Exercise]
* [http://www.unm.edu/~bgreen/autocad/AutoCAD%202.pdf Orthographic Projection (Front, Side and Top View) Drawing Tutorial]
===Persistence of Vision Bike Light 2015===
The POV project will use the Arduino Mini Pro which is a very inexpensive Arduino on a circuit board measuring 18 mm x 34 mm. The LEDs will be [http://www.cree.com/~/media/Files/Cree/LED%20Components%20and%20Modules/HB/Data%20Sheets/C503B%20BAS%20BAN%20BCS%20BCN%20GAS%20GAN%20GCS%20GCN%201094.pdf Cree C503B-GAS-CB0F079] which are green and very bright. The idea is that this POV device attaches on a bicycle wheel, and as it spins it will show cartoons or messages. An [http://playground.arduino.cc/Main/MPU-6050 MPU-6050 accelerometer] module circuit, part number [http://playground.arduino.cc/uploads/Main/MPU6050-V1-SCH.jpg GY-521], will be used to compute the angular velocity from the centripital acceleration.

*The starting CAD drawing from Ralph Stirling is [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~rob.frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/2015/wheelcase2.dxf here].
*[http://www.dipmicro.com/img/1/GY521-MOD-2.jpg A photo of the GY-521] which is 0.6" x 0.8" approximately.
*The website I pulled up in class with the measurements for the [http://www.dx.com/p/gy-521-mpu6050-3-axis-acceleration-gyroscope-6dof-module-blue-154602#.VNvKHfnF98E accelorometer] are here.
*[http://www.digikey.com/product-detail/en/BK-82/BK-82-ND/2079903 These] are the battery clips we will be using.
*[http://pighixxx.com/prominiv3_0.pdf Pinout for the Arduino Pro Mini]
*[http://4.bp.blogspot.com/-lsbHPKOtTKk/UxpT6-zXaRI/AAAAAAAABU8/KQJ_yrpIYcE/s1600/GY-521_MPU-6050_Arduino-Wiring-Diagram_Example.png Schematic on wiring the GY-521 to the Arduino Pro Mini]
*[https://github.com/jrowberg/i2cdevlib/tree/master/Arduino/MPU6050/Examples Jeff Rowberg's nice I2C library for the MPU-6050]
*[http://www.geekmomprojects.com/mpu-6050-dmp-data-from-i2cdevlib/ Demos using Jeff Rowberg's library and the MPU-6050]
*[http://www.cree.com/~/media/Files/Cree/LED%20Components%20and%20Modules/HB/Data%20Sheets/C503B%20BAS%20BAN%20BCS%20BCN%20GAS%20GAN%20GCS%20GCN%201094.pdf Data Sheet for the Cree LEDs we are using]
* Photos of the Arduino Pro Mini
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Arduino_Pro_Mini_Back.jpg Photo of the back of the Arduino]
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Arduino_Pro_Mini_Front.jpg Front]

===Persistence of Vision Bike Light Project 2014===
This project will use a 3.3 volt [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardProMini Arduino Pro Mini] clone that you will design the circuit board, housing, and software for. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Persistence_of_vision Persistence of vision] is a psychological effect that allows you to see two dimensional images that were created by one dimensional flashing LEDs. Here are some similar projects:
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OKmpINvPJYk This] is video shows some POV projects from Japan.
*[http://hackedgadgets.com/2007/08/20/arduino-pov/ Arduino on a breadboard spinning with a motor].
*[http://hackaday.com/2013/11/18/a-pov-spinner-display-with-arduino/ Another spinning POV display.]
*[https://github.com/karanjthakkar/Arduino-POV Simple Code for a simple POV device using the Arduino.]
*[http://www.instructables.com/id/Persistence-of-Vision-wand-for-Arduino/ Another simple Arduino POV device with understandable code.]
*[http://www.instructables.com/id/Persistence-of-Vision-Wand/ A POV wand with 20 LEDs, and fairly understandable code.]
We will have an [http://www.freescale.com/files/sensors/doc/data_sheet/MMA8452Q.pdf MMA8452 accelerometer] that communicates via a serial [http://www.arduino.cc/en/Reference/Wire I2C interface.] The accelerometer will measure the angular acceleration, which will allow the velocity of the bike wheel to be calculated. This will make it possible to flash LEDs at the proper time intervals to spell words, draw pictures, etc., as you ride your bike down the road at night.
* [https://gist.github.com/ghedo/6750945 Here is an Arduino library for using the MMA8452Q.]

The power source for your POV device can be two or three AA, or AAA batteries. You need to design the packaging. Some suggestions that you can consider are:
* Use clear vinyl tubing and corks in the end to house the circuit board, and tie wrap it to the spokes on your bike.
* The [http://www.kingbrightusa.com/images/catalog/SPEC/APT2012SECK.pdf LEDs we purchased] are 20 mA with a forward voltage drop of 2.3 volts, and there are some restrictions on the currents you can draw from the ATMEGA328P shown [http://wiblocks.luciani.org/FAQ/faq-atmega328-pin-current.html here].
* [http://dlnmh9ip6v2uc.cloudfront.net/datasheets/Sensors/Accelerometers/MMA8452Q-Breakout-v11-fixed.pdf Schematic of the accelerometer from Sparkfun]
* [http://dlnmh9ip6v2uc.cloudfront.net/datasheets/Dev/Arduino/Boards/Arduino-Pro-Mini-v13.pdf Schematic of the Arduino we are basing this from]

====Kicad Libraries====
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MMA8452Q.lib MMA8452Q Accelerometer EESchema library]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MIC5205.lib MIC5205 Voltage Regulator EESchema library]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/battery.lib Battery EESchema library]
* [http://kicad.rohrbacher.net/quicklib.php Kicad Schematic Part Creator]
=====Footprints for CVPCB and PCBNew=====
* [https://github.com/AerodyneLabs/KiCadLib Use the BAT-AA-BK92 footprint]
* [http://cds.linear.com/docs/en/packaging/Carsem%20MLP%20users%20guide.pdf This is a document telling about the QFN footprints.]
** [http://cache.freescale.com/files/shared/doc/package_info/98ASA00063D.pdf This is the QFN COL 16 package details.]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Aerodyne_v2.pretty.tar.gz This library (Aerodyne_v2.pretty) has '''all''' the special footprints we need.]
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/intro_batterybrd.dxf This is the board outline drawing.] You can import this into PCBNew, using File->Import->DXF File.

====EESchema Checklist====
* ATMEGA328P
* MMA8452Q
* MIC5205
* Do you really want an LED to tell you the device is on? (I'm guessing probably not, so make sure you didn't put one in if you don't.)
* Batteries
* Programming cable connector
* LEDs
* Are the LEDs distributed over Ports B, C and D?
* No errors in the design check?
* Do you have the DOC linked to the datasheet for each important part?
* Do you have the datasheet URL in the datasheet field for each important part?
* Does your schematic look need and tidy?
* Do you have pull up resistors on the I2C bus lines SCL, SDA, and SA0?
* Did you include a programming header for the bootloader?

====Example Schematics & Footprints====
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/POV_Light_5.svg This is an example schematic.] It has provision using jumpers K1 and P3 to select either two or three batteries and a voltage regulator, or two batteries without a regulator. You don't need to do this. I am doing it, so I can have a board that can be configured either way for debugging possible issues. I recommend picking one or the other power supply method.
* [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/CVPCB.png Example Footprint Selection] You need to select the Aerodyne_v2.pretty in the Preferences->Library Tables in CVPCB in order to find the special footprints.

====Parts Ordered By Ralph====
[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/dk_order.png This is Ralph's parts order.]

====Kicad Videos and Other Information====

*[[Engineering_Electronics]]
{{#ev:youtube|-G6ZHrA4Pck}}
*[https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLCNJWVn9MJuORLQ3ds_U3D7RILfE4zdoL Ashley Mills Video Tutorials on Kicad]

===Getting Started with Kicad===
====Setting Up the Environment and Getting Started====
* Some environment variables should be set such as the two below. Put them in your ~/.profile file at the end.
export KIGITHUB='https://github.com/KiCAD'
export KISYS3DMOD='/usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d'
* In order for them to be activated, you need to logout and login again, or if you don't want to do than right now you can also paste the two lines above into a terminal and start kicad from that.
* Some environment variables should be set such as the two below. Put them in your ~/.profile file at the end.
export KIGITHUB='https://github.com/KiCAD'
export KISYS3DMOD='/usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d'
kicad
* If you want the 3D viewer to know about your Aerodyne_v2 parts, you need to put a symbolic link to the 3D parts in the /usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d/ directory, by doing this from the directory containing the KiCadLib-master directory.
$ sudo ln -s /KiCadLib-master/3D /usr/local/share/kicad/modules/packages3d/3D
====Make the Schematic in EESchema====
You should have done this already.
====CVPCB, Associating Footprint Patterns with Parts====
* Start CVPCB from EESchema after completing the design rules check and creating a netlist.
* Make sure to point the library tables to your [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/Aerodyne_v2.pretty.tar.gz Aerodyne_v2.pretty] directory, and select the library type as kicad. You find the tables in CVPCB under Preferences->Library Tables, and you can add a line in the project specific tables. The ${KIPRJMOD} environment variable expansion is the directory of your project.
[[File:Project_Tables.png|800px|Project Files Screenshot]]
* Now you should be able to find the parts you need to associate in PCBNew.

====PCBNew, Designing your Circuit Board====
* Read the [http://edn.com/electronics-blogs/all-aboard-/4429390/Ten-best-practices-of-PCB-design?cid=nl_edn&elq=ee97eb731fbd4d13ac9e2c3cc18ba608&elqCampaignId=15922 The Ten Best Practices of PCB Design].
* After saving in PCBNew, go back to EESchema and start PCBNew.
* Import your [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/intro_batterybrd.dxf board outline] using File->Import->DXF File, and place it in the middle.
* In the Design Rules, change the clearance and track width to 0.008 inches under Net Classes Editor, and set the minimum trace width to 0.008 inches in the Global Design Rules. [[File:Design Rules.png|800px|Design Rules Screenshot]]
* Using the tool on the right of the toolbar for fast access to the web based router, export your Spectra Design file and open it in the web based Free Router. This may take a minute.
* In the Free Router, under Parameter->Autoroute click the Detail Parameter, and set the via costs to 8. Hit return and close the windows for parameters. [[File:FreeRouter.png|800px||FreeRouter Screenshot]]
* Hit the autorouter button and watch it route your board.
* You may have some violations because the pitch of the accelerometer is smaller than we have allowed somewhere. You can ignore this.
* Make sure everything went well and your board was able to complete routing.
* Save the Spectra Session .ses file, and import it back into PCBNew.
* Run a Design Rules Check in PCBNew, and fix any problems.
* Put ground plane on both layers.
* Put your name on the front silk screen layer.
* Plot the Gerbers, being sure to check the boxes for all the ones we need. [[File:Plot Gerbers.png|800px|Plot Gerbers Screenshot]]
* Run [https://www.my4pcb.com/net35/FreeDFMNet/FreeDFMHome.aspx FreeDFM Check].
* Compress your directory, and upload it to D2L.

===Arduino Programming===
This section describes how to program your Arduino. We will start out with your [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/ArduinoBoardProMini#.Uwo_k3Wx3YAArduino Pro Mini].
====Tool Chain Setup====
You can program Arduinos from a PC, Mac or Linux. On OS X and Windows, you need to download the software:
* [http://arduino.cc/en/Main/Software#.UwpI3XWx3YA The download page is here.]
* On Windows and OS X, you need to install the driver for the PL2303 usb to serial port device used for programming the arduino.
** On Windows you need to force this driver version by going to device manager, choose update driver from right click into prolific adapter, the choose "browse my computer for driver software", then "let me pick...". On the next window, it should show you different versions of the driver, and you need to choose ver 3.3.2.102. Here is a [https://docs.google.com/file/d/0B7FildjsrNkILWhYVHYwanJLS3c/edit link to the driver].
** On Windows 8, you will need a special driver from [http://www.sendspace.com/file/5m5afw here]. Then you will need to follow [http://pcsupport.about.com/od/windows-8/a/update-drivers-windows-8.htm these instructions].
** On OS X, here is the [http://www.prolific.com.tw/US/ShowProduct.aspx?p_id=229&pcid=41 driver download site].
* On Ubuntu you can load it with Synaptic Package Manager (synaptic), and it should already be there on the virtual machines we set up.
* [[Use Codeblocks as Your Arduino IDE on Ubuntu]]

Here is a video showing how to setup the Arduino IDE for your Pro Mini 3.3V ATMEGA328P device.
{{#ev:youtube|BCtseJ3Jov8}}

====Programming Hardware Connections====
The Pro Mini requires a USB to serial TTL device to program it. The ones we purchased don't have the DTR line, so you have to push the reset button on the arduino, then hit the upload button on your computer, and wait until it says "uploading," and then release the reset button on the arduino. The serial connections are shown in the photo.
[[File:Arduino-serial.jpg|left|400px]]

The color code for the wires is:
* Black is GND which connects to the arduino GND.
* Red is +5 volts which connects to the arduino VCC.
* Green is TXO which connects to the arduino RXI
* White is RXI which connects to the arduino TXO
Note: The serial communications protocol is kind of like whispering secrets. You put your lips up to the other person's ear. (TXO -> RXI) T stands for transmit, and R for receive.
* Here is my source code for my [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/LED_Blinker.tar.gz five LED_Blinker].

====Building the Accelerometer Library====
You can use C++ to make Arduino libraries. [http://arduino.cc/en/Hacking/LibraryTutorial#.Uw1F5HWx3YA Here] is a tutorial on how. There is a library already made for the MMA8452Q [https://gist.github.com/ghedo/6750945 here.] There is a tutorial on installing an Arduino library [http://arduino.cc/en/Guide/Libraries#.Uw1HxXWx3YA here.] And [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Intro_to_Cad/MMA8452Q.zip here] is the zip file for the library. Download it; don't extract it. Go to the Arduino IDE and select Sketch->Import Library->Add Library. In the file selection dialog that comes up, select the MMA8452Q.zip. It will unzip it into your sketchbook/libraries directory. Then to use it, read the source code on the library. There is an example sketch in the files there that will help you figure out how to read the accelerometer.

===Bootloader Programming===
The bootloader is a program that needs to be loaded into the ATMEGA328P before you can program your Arduino with the USB/serial programmer.

We really should have provided a programming header for that as well as the one for the USB/serial programmer, but since we didn't, the professor will program your ATMEGA328P units using the information on [http://angryelectron.com/how-to-update-the-bootloader-on-arduino-pro-mini-328/ this web page].

I put the [[Bootloader Programming]] procedures here so I will know what I did later.

Engineering Electronics

2014-04-28T20:39:56Z

Austin.vohpohle: /* Links */

==Links==
* Lab Write Up Documents
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Electronics/Fast%20Functional%20Writing.pdf Fast Functional Writing]
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Electronics/Graphsmanship.pdf Graphsmanship]
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Electronics/Lab%20Grading%20Sheet Common Mistakes]
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Electronics/Short%20Report%20Format.pdf Short Report Format]
*[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/osmhome/allochrt.pdf United States Frequency Allocations]
*[http://www.wallawalla.edu/academics/departments/engineering/students/classes/engr357/pcbtut/index.htm Mentor Graphics PCB Design]
*[http://www.edn.com/design/analog/4402049/Temperature-and-voltage-variation-of-ceramic-capacitors--or-why-your-4-7--F-capacitor-becomes-a-0-33--F-capacitor?cid=EDNToday Ceramic Capacitors Change Value with Applied Voltage and Temperature (especially small surface mount ones)]
*[http://www.dspguru.com/sites/dspguru//files/QuadSignals.pdf Quadrature Signals Explained]
* Software Defined Radio Links
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/R2_DSP/9804x040.pdf R2 DSP (an early software defined radio using a dedicated DSP)]
**[http://www.nonstopsystems.com/radio/frank_radio_sdr.htm Softrock and Theory]
**[http://www.wb5rvz.com/sdr/ Softrock Build Instructions and Notes]
**[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/softrock40/ Softrock Yahoo Interest Group]
**[http://www.sm5bsz.com/linuxdsp/hware/softrock/softrock.htm This is a very interesting article on optimizing the performance of the Softrock radio. It is good design review of the Softrock receiver.]
**[http://www.flex-radio.com/News.aspx?topic=publications This collection of Software Defined Radio publications is fantastic.]
**[http://www.sdradio.eu/sdradio/ SDRadio]
**[http://ra3wdk.qrz.ru/SDR.htm RA3WDK SDR Receiver (uses diode mixers)]
**[http://openhpsdr.org/ Open High Performance Software Defined Radio]
**[http://www.norcalqrp.org/files/Tayloe_mixer_x3a.pdf Tayloe Mixer]
**[http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/redirector.jspx?action=ref&cname=AGILENT_EDITORIAL&ckey=1000001258-1%3Aepsg%3Atcn&lc=eng&cc=US Vector Network Analyzer Basics]
**[http://www.m-audio.com/images/global/manuals/Delta44_Manual.pdf M-Audio Delta 44 Sound Card Manual] This manual has useful specifications for determining the gain necessary for your software designed radio project.
**[http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/sloa093/sloa093.pdf Filter Design in 30 seconds]
**[http://www.raltron.com/cust/tools/band_pass_filters.asp Bandpass Filter Calculator]
**[http://qucs.sourceforge.net/ Quite Universal Circuit Simulator] Useful for designing and simulating circuits. Can synthesize filter circuits.
**[http://www.cliftonlaboratories.com/si570_kit_from_k5bcq.htm#What_is_an_Si570_and_why_do_I_want_one What is an Si570 and why do I want one?]
**[http://files.radioscanner.ru/files/download/file5912/u070262.pdf First steps in Software Defined Radio (SDR)]
**[http://www.ece.ucsb.edu/Faculty/rodwell/Classes/ece218b/notes/Mixer1.pdf Mixer theory]
**[http://yu1lm.qrpradio.com/dc%20rx%20yu1lm.htm Serbian SDR and other radios]
**[http://www.qrz.lt/ly1gp/SDR/ TinySDR and others]
**[http://www.elektor.com/uploads/2011/8/50-00027.pdf Elektor SDR]
**[http://whiteboard.ping.se/SDR/IQ A nice pictorial description of I/Q data]

*SDR Using Realtek RTL2832U
**[http://www.george-smart.co.uk/wiki/FunCube_Upconverter FunCube Upconverter]
**[http://sdr.osmocom.org/trac/wiki/rtl-sdr The Wiki on this SDR.]
**[http://www.ct1ffu.com/site/hf-converter.pdf An HF Converter for this SDR]
**[http://www.reddit.com/r/RTLSDR/comments/s6ddo/rtlsdr_compatibility_list_v2_work_in_progress/ List of compatible tuners]
**[http://pinouts.ru/Slots/USB_pinout.shtml USB Pinouts and Other Details]

*Wideband Transformers
**[http://www.electronics-tutorials.com/basics/wide-band-rf-transformers.htm wideband transformers]
**[http://www.semelab.com/rf/documents/Push-Pull%20Circuits%20and%20Wideband%20Transformers.pdf more wideband transformers (PDF)]
**[http://home.earthlink.net/~christrask/TraskTLTTutorial.pdf Transmission Line Transformers Tutorial by Chris Trask]
**[http://www.naturgrise.dk/oz9wi/artikler/HFE0204_Sevick.pdf Transmission Line Transformers, by Jerry Sevick (who wrote the book)]
*Choosing a Core for a Transformer or Inductor
**[http://ieeeb.okstate.edu/lecturenotes/EET-4654%20Microwaves/Lecture%2017%20The%20Toroidal%20Inductor.pdf Toroidal Cores]
**[http://www.micrometals.com/catalog_index.html Micrometals Catalog]

*[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_lines Transmission Lines]
*[http://cp.literature.agilent.com/litweb/pdf/5989-9103EN.pdf Gilbert Cell Mixers]
*[http://www.pericom.com/pdf/applications/AN047.pdf LVDS to PECL Interface]
*[http://www.fairchildsemi.com/an/AN/AN-780.pdf Positive Supply for ECL logic]
*[http://www.wenzel.com/documents/finesse.html Voltage regulators put out noise that can make for poor SDR receiver performance. Here is a clever solution. It also works for instrumentation amplifiers and other noise sensitive circuits.]

* Good links that explain how Radio originated
**[http://fcc.gov/omd/history/radio/ Radio Development]
**[http://transition.fcc.gov/pshs/techtopics/techtopics4.html Introduction to Software Defined Radio]

*Kicad
**[http://www.wb6dhw.com/Si570/Si570.html Si570 Libraries]
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~rob.frohne/USB_I2C/USB_I2C.zip The USB to Si570 interface design files]
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~rob.frohne/USB_I2C/USB_I2C_schematic.svg Schematic]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkQ0nVX1q1k Good Kicad Tutorial Video 1]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HNMihqa844 Good Kicad Tutorial Video 2]
**[http://www.kicadlib.org/Fichiers/KiCad_Tutorial.pdf KiCad Step By Step Tutorial PDF]
**[http://store.curiousinventor.com/guides/kicad/ KiCad schematic and layout Guides]
**[http://kicad.rohrbacher.net/quicklib.php Kicad Quick Schematic Part Creator]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRXEc7pB0o0 KiCad Tutorial]
**[http://kicad.sourceforge.net/wiki/DE:Mini_tutorial Mini Tutorial]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRXEc7pB0o0 Installing KiCad for Windows and more video]
**[http://store.curiousinventor.com/guides/kicad/schematic_to_layout/ KiCad Schematic to Layout Tutorial - CuriousInventor Guides]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Af8ez82W7_o&feature=results_video&playnext=1&list=PLE6A60D039C919B5C DPRG KiCad tutorial 3]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ls5vWSV3TlE How to design a circuit board by Doug Paradis using KiCAD]
**[http://wiki.xtronics.com/index.php/Wire-Gauge_Ampacity Ampacity of Wires and Circuit Board Trace Widths]
*Circuit Board Layout Hints
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassHandouts/Electronics/Circuit%20Board%20Layout%20Tips%20Revised.pdf Reduce the likelihood of noise and oscillation problems.]
**[http://edn.com/electronics-blogs/all-aboard-/4429390/Ten-best-practices-of-PCB-design?cid=nl_edn&elq=ee97eb731fbd4d13ac9e2c3cc18ba608&elqCampaignId=15922 Ten Best Practices of PCB Design]
** Daniel Colls - Parallel traces are often susceptible to cross-talk. These should be separated by at least 2 trace widths for cross-talk reduction. when talking about Circuit Layout.
** Andrew Bylard - Use a stripline circuit when you have two parallel ground planes to give enhanced noise immunity against the propagation of radiated RF emissions.
**[http://www.eetimes.com/design/embedded/4211294/Tips-about-printed-circuit-board-design--Part-1---Dealing-with-harmful-PCB-effects Dealing with harmful PCB effects article]
**[http://www.electronics-project-design.com/PCB-Design.html PCB Trace and Spacing Info]
**[http://www.polarinstruments.com/support/cits/AP120.html Trace Impedance Matching]
**[http://www.robotroom.com/PCB-Layout-Tips.html Add test points at key locations and make it easy to probe (and other tips)]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/szza009/szza009.pdf Make bypassing loops as small as possible in area and length (Page 10)]
**[http://www.learnemc.com/tutorials/guidelines.html Some good, and some not so good EMC Design Principles]
**[http://blog.screamingcircuits.com/files/top_10_issues_that_cause_bad_prototypes.pdf Common layout, prototyping, and schematic issues to avoid]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt499/slyt499.pdf Grounding in Mixed Analog and Digital Boards part 1]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt512/slyt512.pdf Grounding in Mixed Analog and Digital Boards part 2]
**[http://www.silabs.com/Support%20Documents/TechnicalDocs/AN203.pdf Silicon Labs Design Notes]
**[http://www.analog.com/library/analogdialogue/archives/46-06/staying_well_grounded.pdf Staying Well Grounded]
**[http://engineering.whitepapers.s3.amazonaws.com/MentorGraphics/10_Tips_for_Streamlining_82956.pdf PCB Thermal Design]
**[http://electronicdesign.com/embedded/engineer-s-guide-high-quality-pcb-design The Engineer's Guide To High Quality PCB Design]
*[http://fweb.wallawalla.edu/class-wiki/index.php/Printing_and_Etching_Circuit_Boards Printing and Etching Circuit Boards]

* SMITH Chart
**[http://www.fourier-series.com/rf-concepts/smithchart.html Interactive tutorials on how SMITH charts work]

* Parasitic Capacitance
**[http://cds.linear.com/docs/en/application-note/an39f.pdf Dealing with parasitic capacitance in step-up transformer design]

==2013 Contributors==

#[[Eric.Wilson|Eric Wilson]]
#[[Michael.Swan|Michael Swan]]
#[[Alexander.Beckner|Alexander Beckner]]
#[[Brian.Clark|Brian Clark]]
#[[Brian.Lenz|Brian Lenz]]
#[[Travis.DeFluiter|Travis deFluiter]]
#[[Mark.Hildebrand|Mark Hildebrand]]
#[[User:Heidi.Tupper|Heidi Tupper]]

==2012 Contributors==
#[[Trent Fleming|Fleming, Trent]]
#[[Kara Moon|Kara Moon]]
#[[User:Daniel.Colls]]
#[[Andrew Bylard|Andrew Bylard]]
#[[Ted Shaw|Ted Shaw]]
#[[Denver Lodge|Denver Lodge]]
#[[Benjamin Maloon|Benjamin Maloon]]

==2010 Contributors==

#[[Greg Fong|Fong, Greg]]
#[[Ben Henry|Henry, Ben]]
#[[Lau, Chris]]
#[[Shepherd,Victor]]
#[[Vier, Michael]]

==2011 Contributors==
#[[Brian Haddad|Haddad, Brian]]
#[[Michael von Pohle|von Pohle, Michael]]
#[[Matthew Blaire|Blaire, Matthew (Included in my name tag is Experimentation with LTspice)]]
#[[Cody Lorenz]]

==2010 Articles==
*[[Ideal vs. Nonideal Op Amps]]
*[[Chapter 1]]
*[[Chapter 2]]
*[[Basic Op Amp circuits]]
*[[Key Facts from Reading Chapter 1]]
*[[Golden Rules]]
*[[Integrator_Amplifier]] (by [[Ben Henry|Ben]])
*[[Circuit Board Layout Wisdom]]

==Draft Articles==
These articles are not ready for reading and error checking. They are listed so people will not simultaneously write about similar topics.

*[[Chapter 3 Problems]] by [[Ben Henry|Ben]]
* Disecting an Instrumentation Amplifier via [[Superposition]]
*[[Reading from Chapter 4]]

==Draft Articles awaiting review==
*[[Feedback in Amplifiers]]

==Contributing Articles==

*[[Generalized Transmitter]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Generalized Receiver]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Electronics Receiver]] (in progress, Kevin)
*[[Christman_GeneralizedReceiver|Generalized Receiver]] (Nick Christman)
*[[Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Jodi Hodge)
*[[Eric's Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Eric Clay)
*[[Yet another Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Joshua Sarris)