Class Wiki - User contributions [en]

Power Electronics

2012-04-23T06:55:39Z

Codlor: /* KiCAD Tutorials */

[[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/engr460index.htm Class Notes]]

==Links==

*[http://www.st.com/internet/com/TECHNICAL_RESOURCES/TECHNICAL_LITERATURE/APPLICATION_NOTE/CD00253868.pdf A Grid Tie Inverter Design]
*[http://www.edn.com/article/521396-Understand_and_reduce_dc_dc_switching_converter_ground_noise.php?cid=EDNToday_20120410 Reduce Ground Noise in DC to DC Converters]
*[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snva168d/snva168d.pdf Design Guide for SEPIC Converters]
**[http://www.eetimes.com/design/power-management-design/4370598/Benefits-of-a-coupled-inductor-SEPIC-converter?pageNumber=0&Ecosystem=power-management-design Coupled Inductor Improves Efficiency and Control in SEPIC Converter]
*[http://www.how2power.com/newsletters/0911/articles/H2PToday_National_Wong&Man111809.pdf Current Mode Control using SEPIC Converter and Linear Current Regulator (80% Efficiency)]

====Reliability====
[http://www.pvmips.org/publications/017.pdf Grid Tie Inverter Reliability] (Electrolytics and IGBTs have poor reliability.)

===Feedback Analysis of Switched Mode Power Supplies===
====LTSpice Tutorials====
*[http://www.simonbramble.co.uk/lt_spice/ltspice_lt_spice.htm Nice Tutorials]

====How to Use LTSpice with the supplied PSpice Models====
*[[http://denethor.wlu.ca/ltspice/#models A page showing how to import models]]
*[[http://www.electronicspoint.com/pspice-ltspice-switchercad-schematic-conversion-t28041.html Forum results that cued me in to the fact you can open PSpice .sch schematics in LTSpice.]] (You need to select *.* (All Files) in the navigator window.)

===Class Project 2011===
*[http://mtjungle.com/pe/ 120 VAC LED Light Project]

==Additional Resources==
*I thought this might be a helpful resource [http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slva057/slva057.pdf Buck SMPS Converter Page] ~Matthew

==Class Contribution 2012==
*[[Matthew Blaire]]

*[[Christopher Garrison Lau I]]

==KiCAD Tutorials==
*The following links are to the best KiCAD Tutorials that I've found. They're the only ones with voice narration. Unfortunately, the video's creator thought it would be better to use a synthesized voice. It can be quite tiresome. (Posted by Chris Lau 4/9/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkQ0nVX1q1k Tutorial 1]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HNMihqa844&feature=plcp&context=C46c7c99VDvjVQa1PpcFOo1yAmios_qLe59l30SDJc8OLz1rz8GQs%3D Tutorial 2]

*I enjoyed the Tutorials 1 and 2 that Chris put on the page it is very good at specifying the basics. (Matthew Blaire 4/10/12)
**I also Have found a helpful tutorial on creating components [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOHGv8pQDSg&feature=relmfu Add Component Tutorial]
**All of the relating tutorials to this one are pretty decent as well, but most of the material is covered in the tutorials that Chris posted

*KiCAD step by step tutorial (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/15/12)
**[http://www.kicadlib.org/Fichiers/KiCad_Tutorial.pdf Step by Step tutorial]

*Video on how to install KiCad onto Windows and how to use KiCad (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/17/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRXEc7pB0o0 Video]

*A FAQ page on many different parts of of KiCAD. From creating parts to schematic to PCB layout. (Cody Lorenz. Posted millions of years after the class ended. Actually 4/22/2012)
**[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kicad/FAQ FAQ]

Power Electronics

2012-04-23T06:55:14Z

Codlor: /* KiCAD Tutorials */

[[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/engr460index.htm Class Notes]]

==Links==

*[http://www.st.com/internet/com/TECHNICAL_RESOURCES/TECHNICAL_LITERATURE/APPLICATION_NOTE/CD00253868.pdf A Grid Tie Inverter Design]
*[http://www.edn.com/article/521396-Understand_and_reduce_dc_dc_switching_converter_ground_noise.php?cid=EDNToday_20120410 Reduce Ground Noise in DC to DC Converters]
*[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snva168d/snva168d.pdf Design Guide for SEPIC Converters]
**[http://www.eetimes.com/design/power-management-design/4370598/Benefits-of-a-coupled-inductor-SEPIC-converter?pageNumber=0&Ecosystem=power-management-design Coupled Inductor Improves Efficiency and Control in SEPIC Converter]
*[http://www.how2power.com/newsletters/0911/articles/H2PToday_National_Wong&Man111809.pdf Current Mode Control using SEPIC Converter and Linear Current Regulator (80% Efficiency)]

====Reliability====
[http://www.pvmips.org/publications/017.pdf Grid Tie Inverter Reliability] (Electrolytics and IGBTs have poor reliability.)

===Feedback Analysis of Switched Mode Power Supplies===
====LTSpice Tutorials====
*[http://www.simonbramble.co.uk/lt_spice/ltspice_lt_spice.htm Nice Tutorials]

====How to Use LTSpice with the supplied PSpice Models====
*[[http://denethor.wlu.ca/ltspice/#models A page showing how to import models]]
*[[http://www.electronicspoint.com/pspice-ltspice-switchercad-schematic-conversion-t28041.html Forum results that cued me in to the fact you can open PSpice .sch schematics in LTSpice.]] (You need to select *.* (All Files) in the navigator window.)

===Class Project 2011===
*[http://mtjungle.com/pe/ 120 VAC LED Light Project]

==Additional Resources==
*I thought this might be a helpful resource [http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slva057/slva057.pdf Buck SMPS Converter Page] ~Matthew

==Class Contribution 2012==
*[[Matthew Blaire]]

*[[Christopher Garrison Lau I]]

==KiCAD Tutorials==
*The following links are to the best KiCAD Tutorials that I've found. They're the only ones with voice narration. Unfortunately, the video's creator thought it would be better to use a synthesized voice. It can be quite tiresome. (Posted by Chris Lau 4/9/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkQ0nVX1q1k Tutorial 1]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HNMihqa844&feature=plcp&context=C46c7c99VDvjVQa1PpcFOo1yAmios_qLe59l30SDJc8OLz1rz8GQs%3D Tutorial 2]

*I enjoyed the Tutorials 1 and 2 that Chris put on the page it is very good at specifying the basics. (Matthew Blaire 4/10/12)
**I also Have found a helpful tutorial on creating components [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOHGv8pQDSg&feature=relmfu Add Component Tutorial]
**All of the relating tutorials to this one are pretty decent as well, but most of the material is covered in the tutorials that Chris posted

*KiCAD step by step tutorial (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/15/12)
**[http://www.kicadlib.org/Fichiers/KiCad_Tutorial.pdf Step by Step tutorial]

*Video on how to install KiCad onto Windows and how to use KiCad (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/17/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRXEc7pB0o0 Video]

*A FAQ page on many different parts of of KiCAD. From creating parts to schematic to PCB layout. (Cody Lorenz million years after the class ended. Actually 4/22/2012)
**[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kicad/FAQ FAQ]

Power Electronics

2012-04-23T06:53:33Z

Codlor: /* KiCAD Tutorials */

Morse.m This is the one from mathworks

2011-12-01T19:56:53Z

Codlor: Created page with 'Matlab/Octave script used to convert text to morse code, and outputed as a wav file. ''' morse.m''' <pre> function morse(varargin) % MORSE converts text to playable morse code…'

Matlab/Octave script used to convert text to morse code, and outputed as a wav file.
'''
morse.m'''

<pre>
function morse(varargin)

% MORSE converts text to playable morse code in wav format
%
% SYNTAX
% morse(text)
% morse(text,file);
%
% Description:
%
% If the wave file name is specified, then the funtion will output a wav
% file with that file name. If only text is specified, then the function
% will only play the morse code wav file without saving it to a wav file.
%
% Examples:
%
% morse('Hello');
% morse('How are you doing my friend?','morsecode.wav');
%
% Copyright 2005 Fahad Al Mahmood
% Version: 1.0 $ $Date: 05-Jun-2005

text = varargin{1};
if nargin==2
file = varargin{2};
end

Fs=11025;
load wav;
Dit = wav(1106:2121);
ssp = wav(2121:3133);
Dah = wav(3133:6176);
lsp = wav(6176:23022);

% Defining Characters & Numbers
A = [Dit;ssp;Dah];
B = [Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
C = [Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit];
D = [Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
E = [Dit];
F = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit];
G = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit];
H = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
I = [Dit;ssp;Dit];
J = [Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];
K = [Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah];
L = [Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
M = [Dah;ssp;Dah];
N = [Dah;ssp;Dit];
O = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];
P = [Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit];
Q = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah];
R = [Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit];
S = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
T = [Dah];
U = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah];
V = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah];
W = [Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];
X = [Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah];
Y = [Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];
Z = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
period = [Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah];
comma = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];
question = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
slash_ = [Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit];
n1 = [Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];
n2 = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];
n3 = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];
n4 = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dah];
n5 = [Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
n6 = [Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
n7 = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
n8 = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit;ssp;Dit];
n9 = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dit];
n0 = [Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah;ssp;Dah];

text = upper(text);
vars ={'period','comma','question','slash_'};
morsecode=[];
for i=1:length(text)
if isvarname(text(i))
morsecode = [morsecode;eval(text(i))];
elseif ismember(text(i),'.,?/')
x = findstr(text(i),'.,?/');
morsecode = [morsecode;eval(vars{x})];
elseif ~isempty(str2num(text(i)))
morsecode = [morsecode;eval(['n' text(i)])];
elseif text(i)==' '
morsecode = [morsecode;ssp;ssp;ssp];
end
morsecode = [morsecode;lsp];
end
if exist('file','var')
wavwrite(morsecode,11025,16,file);
else
wavplay(morsecode);
end
</pre>

This is the license that comes with the file

<pre>
Copyright (c) 2009, Fahad Al Mahmood
All rights reserved.

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
met:

* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright
notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in
the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS "AS IS"
AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE
IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE
ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR
CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF
SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS
INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN
CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE)
ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE
POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
</pre>

Signals and Systems

2011-12-01T19:53:10Z

Codlor: /* Final Project (2011) */

== Topics ==
[[Fourier series - by Ray Betz|Overview of Signals and Systems]]

===Individual Subjects===
*[[Linear Time Invariant System|Linear Time Invariant Systems]]
**[[The Game|"The Game"]]
*[[Orthogonal functions|Orthogonal Functions]]
*[[Energy in a signal|Finding the Energy in a Signal]]
**[[Rayleigh's Theorem]]
*[[Fourier series|Fourier Series]]
*[[Fourier transform|Fourier Transforms]]
**[[Discrete Fourier transform]]
*[[Sampling]]
*[[FIR Filter Example]]
*[[Relationship between e, sin and cos]]

== Some Useful Links to Suppliment or Substitute for a Textbook ==
===Books on Signal Processing===
*[https://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/sasp/sasp.html Spectral Audio Signal Processing, by Julius O. Smith III]
*[http://www.dspguide.com/ The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing by Steven W. Smith, Ph.D.] The professor likes this one.

===Fourier Series===
*[http://www.intmath.com/Fourier-series/Fourier-intro.php Interactive Mathematics (like a textbook with some examples)]
*[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FourierSeries.html Mathworld]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_series Wikipedia]
*[http://web.mit.edu/2.14/www/Handouts/FreqDom.pdf MIT handout on Fourier Series, Fourier Transform, and Laplace Transform]
*[http://www.maths.mq.edu.au/~bon/Fourier%20Theory.pdf Fourier Theory B..M..N.. Clarke]

===Dirac Delta Function and Convolution===
*[http://web.mit.edu/2.14/www/Handouts/Convolution.pdf MIT handout on Dirac Delta Function and Convolution]

===Multi-rate Filtering===

[http://www.google.com/url?url=http://www.mds.com/tech/filter/multirate_article.pdf&rct=j&sa=U&ei=pD_UTJqtKY6ksQPbzPWMCw&ved=0CBUQFjAA&q=Purcell+Multirate+Filters&usg=AFQjCNFsHM7ROpUdrQ6py9ZH_RhQ_BeigA Multirate Filters Introduction]

[http://www.ws.binghamton.edu/fowler/fowler%20personal%20page/EE521_files/IV-05%20Polyphase%20FIlters_2007.pdf Slides from a Presentation on Polyphase Decimation and Interpolation by Mark Fowler]

===FIR Filters===

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/fir This is a very easy-to-understand summary of FIR basics, properties, design, and implementation]

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/multirate/decimation Another easy-to-understand article about decimation]

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/multirate/interpolation Another easy-to-understand article about interpolation]

===Adaptive FIR Filters===
[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.42.6386&rep=rep1&type=pdf Introduction to Adaptive Filters, Simon Haykin]

[http://saba.kntu.ac.ir/eecd/taghirad/E%20books/TOC/Adaptive%20Filters.pdf Simon Haykin's book chapter]

[http://www.latticesemi.com/documents/doc22982x20.pdf?jsessionid=f0308ccf0f735471e49a6054323c5c177969 Adaptive LMS it an FPGA]

====Constant Modulus Algorythm====
[http://ens.ewi.tudelft.nl/Education/courses/et4147/sheets/cma_leus.pdf Using the CMA on antenna arrays]

===Course Pages===
[[2005-2006 Assignments]]

[[2006-2007 Assignments]]

[[2008-2009 Assignments]]

[[2009-2010 Assignments]]

[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/engr455index.htm Class notes for Signals & Systems]

==Articles==

===Octave Tutorials===
[[Installing Octave on a Mac]] (Chris Lau)

[[Octave and Scilab on a Mac]] (Ben Henry)

[[ASN2 - Octave Tutorial]] (Jodi S. Hodge)

[[A u(t) function example]]

[[FIR Filter Example Code for Octave]]

[[Leakage Example Octave Script]]

[[Interpolation using the DFT Example Script]]

[[Tuner Upper Removal Demonstration]]

[[Airplane Noise Removal Demonstration]]

===Final Project (2011)===
[[Matlab/Octave deMorse.m]]

[[morse.m This is the one from mathworks]]

===[[Table of Fourier Transform Properties]]===

==Homework Assignments==
Please put your name next to the assignment, linking it to your submission
* HW #1 - Make a personal page on this wiki ([[Christopher Garrison Lau I|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[user:chris.wills|Chris Wills]])[[Shepherd,Victor|(Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #2 - Write a tutorial about installing and/or using Octave ([[Installing Octave on a Mac|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Octave|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #3 - Show graphically that <math> \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{j2\pi f(t-u)}\, df = \delta (t-u)</math> ([[HW 3|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[user:chris.wills/HW3|Chris Wills]])([[Hw3|Victor Shepherd)]]

* HW #4 - Given a linear time-invariant system where <math>\ u(t) </math> produces an output <math>\ w(t) </math>, find the output due to any function <math>\ x(t) </math> ([[HW 4|Chris Lau]])
* HW #5: ([[HW 5|Chris Lau]])
** Part 1 - Find <math> \mathcal{F}[e^{- \sigma t} x(t)u(t)] </math> and relate it to the Laplace Transform. Derive the Inverse Laplace Transform of this from the inverse Fourier Transform.
** Part 2 - [[Image:20101006KeyDSCN3161.jpg|thumb|300px|center]]

* HW #6 - Pick a property of the Fourier Transform & present it on the Wiki. Make a table with all your properties. Interpret your property. ([[HW 6|Ben Henry]])([[Table of Fourier Transform Properties|Chris Lau]])([[Table of Fourier Transform Properties|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #7 - Finish the practice tests
* HW #8 - Make a page about interpolating FIR filters. Note how many multiply/add operations.([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Interpolating FIR filters|Chris Lau]])([[Hw8|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #9 - Add to #8 writeup how to do a decimating filter and figure out how many multiply & adds are needed for a n/2 decimating low pass filter.([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Decimating FIR filters|Chris Lau]])([[Hw9|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #10 - Use Octave (or Mathlab or Silab) to plot the frequency response of low pass filters with cut off frequencies of 1/32T, 1/8T, and 1/4T and compare how many coeffficients are needed with an eye to answer the question "Is it less calculation to decimate and then filter, or better to put the filter in the pre-decimation filter?" ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw10|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #11 - Is our method the same as Mark Fowler's? See
[http://www.ws.binghamton.edu/fowler/fowler%20personal%20page/EE521_files/IV-05%20Polyphase%20FIlters_2007.pdf Wiki]. Same # multiply and adds? See Notes 11/3/10. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw11|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #12 - Experiment with a variety of signals having a 3Khz bandwidth to determine the resolution you can get when doing a cross correlation <math> \ r(m) =

\displaystyle\sum\limits_{n=0}^{N-1} x(n) x(n+m) </math>. You can generate the signals randomly and filter them to obtain the band-limited signals. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])
* HW #13 - Derive the following realtions:
**a) <math>DFT(x(k-l))\!</math>
**b) <math> DFT(e^{j2 \pi lk/N}x(k)\!</math>
**c) <math>\sum\limits_{k=0}^{N-1} x(k)y(k)^{*}=c\sum\limits_{k=0}^{N-1} X(n)Y(n)^{*}</math> ([[Hw13|Victor Shepherd)]]

* HW #14 - Come up with a use for an adaptiveFIR filter and make an Octave script to demonstrate it. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw14|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #15 - Do Practice Exam II ([[Hw15|Victor Shepherd)]]
* [[CW-Robot Octave Simulation]]

==People Involved with this Wiki==

===2010-2011 Contributors===
[[Ben Henry|Ben Henry]]

[[Christopher Garrison Lau I]]

[[user:chris.wills|Chris Wills]]

[[Jodi S. Hodge]]

[[Luke Chilson]]

[[Shepherd,Victor|Victor Shepherd]]

===2009-2010 Contributors===
[[Nick Christman]]

[[Joshua Sarris]]

[[Kevin Starkey]]

[[Max Woesner]]

[[Jodi Hodge]]

[[Corneliu Turturica]]

===2008-2009 Contributors===
[[User:eric.clay|Eric Clay]]

[[User:tsung-lin.yang|Chuck Yang]]

[[User:elton.zebron|Elton Zebron]]

[[User:Luke.chilson|Luke Chilson]]

[[User:Brandon.price|Brandon Price]]

[[User:Fonggr|Greg Fong]]

===2007-2008 contributors===

[[User:baldwin.britton|Baldwin Britton]]

[[User:Harrde|Denver Harris]]

[[User:Pridma|Mark Priddy]]

[[User:ChrisRas|Chris Rasmussen]]

[[User:RothMi|Michael Roth]]

[[User:Rothsa|Sally Roth]]

===2006-2007 contributors===

[[User:Smitry|Ryan J Smith]]

[[User:Nathan|Nathan Ferch]]

[[User:Andrew|Andrew Lopez]]

[[User:Sherna|Nathan Sherman]]

[[User:Adkich|Chris Adkins]]

===2005-2006 contributors===

[[User:GabrielaV|Gabriela Valdivia]]

[[User:SDiver|Raymond Betz]]

[[User:chrijen|Jenni Christensen]]

[[User:wonoje|Jeffrey Wonoprabowo]]

[[User:wilspa|Paul Wilson]]

[[User:Frohro|Instructor: Rob Frohne]]

===2004-2005 contributors===

[[User:Barnsa|Sam Barnes]]

[[User:Santsh|Shawn Santana]]

[[User:Goeari|Aric Goe]]

[[User:Caswto|Todd Caswell]]

[[User:Andeda|David Anderson]]

[[User:Guenan|Anthony Guenterberg]]

Signals and Systems

2011-12-01T19:52:52Z

Codlor: /* Final Project (2011) */

== Topics ==
[[Fourier series - by Ray Betz|Overview of Signals and Systems]]

===Individual Subjects===
*[[Linear Time Invariant System|Linear Time Invariant Systems]]
**[[The Game|"The Game"]]
*[[Orthogonal functions|Orthogonal Functions]]
*[[Energy in a signal|Finding the Energy in a Signal]]
**[[Rayleigh's Theorem]]
*[[Fourier series|Fourier Series]]
*[[Fourier transform|Fourier Transforms]]
**[[Discrete Fourier transform]]
*[[Sampling]]
*[[FIR Filter Example]]
*[[Relationship between e, sin and cos]]

== Some Useful Links to Suppliment or Substitute for a Textbook ==
===Books on Signal Processing===
*[https://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/sasp/sasp.html Spectral Audio Signal Processing, by Julius O. Smith III]
*[http://www.dspguide.com/ The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing by Steven W. Smith, Ph.D.] The professor likes this one.

===Fourier Series===
*[http://www.intmath.com/Fourier-series/Fourier-intro.php Interactive Mathematics (like a textbook with some examples)]
*[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FourierSeries.html Mathworld]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_series Wikipedia]
*[http://web.mit.edu/2.14/www/Handouts/FreqDom.pdf MIT handout on Fourier Series, Fourier Transform, and Laplace Transform]
*[http://www.maths.mq.edu.au/~bon/Fourier%20Theory.pdf Fourier Theory B..M..N.. Clarke]

===Dirac Delta Function and Convolution===
*[http://web.mit.edu/2.14/www/Handouts/Convolution.pdf MIT handout on Dirac Delta Function and Convolution]

===Multi-rate Filtering===

[http://www.google.com/url?url=http://www.mds.com/tech/filter/multirate_article.pdf&rct=j&sa=U&ei=pD_UTJqtKY6ksQPbzPWMCw&ved=0CBUQFjAA&q=Purcell+Multirate+Filters&usg=AFQjCNFsHM7ROpUdrQ6py9ZH_RhQ_BeigA Multirate Filters Introduction]

[http://www.ws.binghamton.edu/fowler/fowler%20personal%20page/EE521_files/IV-05%20Polyphase%20FIlters_2007.pdf Slides from a Presentation on Polyphase Decimation and Interpolation by Mark Fowler]

===FIR Filters===

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/fir This is a very easy-to-understand summary of FIR basics, properties, design, and implementation]

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/multirate/decimation Another easy-to-understand article about decimation]

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/multirate/interpolation Another easy-to-understand article about interpolation]

===Adaptive FIR Filters===
[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.42.6386&rep=rep1&type=pdf Introduction to Adaptive Filters, Simon Haykin]

[http://saba.kntu.ac.ir/eecd/taghirad/E%20books/TOC/Adaptive%20Filters.pdf Simon Haykin's book chapter]

[http://www.latticesemi.com/documents/doc22982x20.pdf?jsessionid=f0308ccf0f735471e49a6054323c5c177969 Adaptive LMS it an FPGA]

====Constant Modulus Algorythm====
[http://ens.ewi.tudelft.nl/Education/courses/et4147/sheets/cma_leus.pdf Using the CMA on antenna arrays]

===Course Pages===
[[2005-2006 Assignments]]

[[2006-2007 Assignments]]

[[2008-2009 Assignments]]

[[2009-2010 Assignments]]

[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/engr455index.htm Class notes for Signals & Systems]

==Articles==

===Octave Tutorials===
[[Installing Octave on a Mac]] (Chris Lau)

[[Octave and Scilab on a Mac]] (Ben Henry)

[[ASN2 - Octave Tutorial]] (Jodi S. Hodge)

[[A u(t) function example]]

[[FIR Filter Example Code for Octave]]

[[Leakage Example Octave Script]]

[[Interpolation using the DFT Example Script]]

[[Tuner Upper Removal Demonstration]]

[[Airplane Noise Removal Demonstration]]

===Final Project (2011)===
[[Matlab/Octave deMorse.m]]
[[morse.m This is the one from mathworks]]

===[[Table of Fourier Transform Properties]]===

==Homework Assignments==
Please put your name next to the assignment, linking it to your submission
* HW #1 - Make a personal page on this wiki ([[Christopher Garrison Lau I|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[user:chris.wills|Chris Wills]])[[Shepherd,Victor|(Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #2 - Write a tutorial about installing and/or using Octave ([[Installing Octave on a Mac|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Octave|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #3 - Show graphically that <math> \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{j2\pi f(t-u)}\, df = \delta (t-u)</math> ([[HW 3|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[user:chris.wills/HW3|Chris Wills]])([[Hw3|Victor Shepherd)]]

* HW #4 - Given a linear time-invariant system where <math>\ u(t) </math> produces an output <math>\ w(t) </math>, find the output due to any function <math>\ x(t) </math> ([[HW 4|Chris Lau]])
* HW #5: ([[HW 5|Chris Lau]])
** Part 1 - Find <math> \mathcal{F}[e^{- \sigma t} x(t)u(t)] </math> and relate it to the Laplace Transform. Derive the Inverse Laplace Transform of this from the inverse Fourier Transform.
** Part 2 - [[Image:20101006KeyDSCN3161.jpg|thumb|300px|center]]

* HW #6 - Pick a property of the Fourier Transform & present it on the Wiki. Make a table with all your properties. Interpret your property. ([[HW 6|Ben Henry]])([[Table of Fourier Transform Properties|Chris Lau]])([[Table of Fourier Transform Properties|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #7 - Finish the practice tests
* HW #8 - Make a page about interpolating FIR filters. Note how many multiply/add operations.([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Interpolating FIR filters|Chris Lau]])([[Hw8|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #9 - Add to #8 writeup how to do a decimating filter and figure out how many multiply & adds are needed for a n/2 decimating low pass filter.([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Decimating FIR filters|Chris Lau]])([[Hw9|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #10 - Use Octave (or Mathlab or Silab) to plot the frequency response of low pass filters with cut off frequencies of 1/32T, 1/8T, and 1/4T and compare how many coeffficients are needed with an eye to answer the question "Is it less calculation to decimate and then filter, or better to put the filter in the pre-decimation filter?" ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw10|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #11 - Is our method the same as Mark Fowler's? See
[http://www.ws.binghamton.edu/fowler/fowler%20personal%20page/EE521_files/IV-05%20Polyphase%20FIlters_2007.pdf Wiki]. Same # multiply and adds? See Notes 11/3/10. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw11|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #12 - Experiment with a variety of signals having a 3Khz bandwidth to determine the resolution you can get when doing a cross correlation <math> \ r(m) =

\displaystyle\sum\limits_{n=0}^{N-1} x(n) x(n+m) </math>. You can generate the signals randomly and filter them to obtain the band-limited signals. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])
* HW #13 - Derive the following realtions:
**a) <math>DFT(x(k-l))\!</math>
**b) <math> DFT(e^{j2 \pi lk/N}x(k)\!</math>
**c) <math>\sum\limits_{k=0}^{N-1} x(k)y(k)^{*}=c\sum\limits_{k=0}^{N-1} X(n)Y(n)^{*}</math> ([[Hw13|Victor Shepherd)]]

* HW #14 - Come up with a use for an adaptiveFIR filter and make an Octave script to demonstrate it. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw14|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #15 - Do Practice Exam II ([[Hw15|Victor Shepherd)]]
* [[CW-Robot Octave Simulation]]

==People Involved with this Wiki==

===2010-2011 Contributors===
[[Ben Henry|Ben Henry]]

[[Christopher Garrison Lau I]]

[[user:chris.wills|Chris Wills]]

[[Jodi S. Hodge]]

[[Luke Chilson]]

[[Shepherd,Victor|Victor Shepherd]]

===2009-2010 Contributors===
[[Nick Christman]]

[[Joshua Sarris]]

[[Kevin Starkey]]

[[Max Woesner]]

[[Jodi Hodge]]

[[Corneliu Turturica]]

===2008-2009 Contributors===
[[User:eric.clay|Eric Clay]]

[[User:tsung-lin.yang|Chuck Yang]]

[[User:elton.zebron|Elton Zebron]]

[[User:Luke.chilson|Luke Chilson]]

[[User:Brandon.price|Brandon Price]]

[[User:Fonggr|Greg Fong]]

===2007-2008 contributors===

[[User:baldwin.britton|Baldwin Britton]]

[[User:Harrde|Denver Harris]]

[[User:Pridma|Mark Priddy]]

[[User:ChrisRas|Chris Rasmussen]]

[[User:RothMi|Michael Roth]]

[[User:Rothsa|Sally Roth]]

===2006-2007 contributors===

[[User:Smitry|Ryan J Smith]]

[[User:Nathan|Nathan Ferch]]

[[User:Andrew|Andrew Lopez]]

[[User:Sherna|Nathan Sherman]]

[[User:Adkich|Chris Adkins]]

===2005-2006 contributors===

[[User:GabrielaV|Gabriela Valdivia]]

[[User:SDiver|Raymond Betz]]

[[User:chrijen|Jenni Christensen]]

[[User:wonoje|Jeffrey Wonoprabowo]]

[[User:wilspa|Paul Wilson]]

[[User:Frohro|Instructor: Rob Frohne]]

===2004-2005 contributors===

[[User:Barnsa|Sam Barnes]]

[[User:Santsh|Shawn Santana]]

[[User:Goeari|Aric Goe]]

[[User:Caswto|Todd Caswell]]

[[User:Andeda|David Anderson]]

[[User:Guenan|Anthony Guenterberg]]

Matlab/Octave deMorse.m

2011-12-01T19:51:17Z

Codlor:

This file is preloaded into the octave versions that are on the red hat machines.

<pre>
function outstring = demorse(wavfile);

%demorse a morsed input wav file

vis_on = 0;

threshold = 0.05;

x = wavread(wavfile);

% half-wave rectify x
x2 = abs(x);

% slow-wave filter
y = filter(ones(1,20)/20,1, x2);

% threshold (digitize) y
z = y > threshold;
% z is now effectively our morse signal

if vis_on
figure(1);
subplot(3,1,1);
plot(x, 'r');
title('original signal');

subplot(3,1,2);
plot(y);
title('HWR + Slow-wave filter -> envelope');
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(z, 'o', 'MarkerSize', 2);
title('Digitized Morse signal')

end

%zero pad z so we always start with an onset
z = [zeros(10,1); z];

% id tones/spaces -----------------------
% --> find changes between 0/1 and 1/0

b = diff(z);
% figure(3); plot(b, '.');
% 1: change from 1 to 0
% 0: no change
% -1: change from 0 to 1

c = b(b~=0);
c2 = find(b~=0);

tokens = -c .* diff([0; c2]);
% value == length of token
% sign == tone/space

% id shorts/longs -----------------------

% since short/long should be bi-modal dist, a regular average should give
% us a good cutoff point to distinguish between the two? (assuming equal
% counts of short and long...)
% use mean as simple cutoff point; smarter algorithms can get smarter about
% this classification if they want to.

% 1: short, 2: long, +: tone, -: space
tokens2 = tokens;

% cutoff tones, cutoff spaces;
cut_t = mean(tokens2(tokens2>0));
cut_s = mean(tokens2(tokens2<0));

tokens2(tokens > 0 & tokens < cut_t) = 1;
tokens2(tokens > 0 & tokens > cut_t) = 2;
tokens2(tokens < 0 & tokens > cut_s) = -1;
tokens2(tokens < 0 & tokens < cut_s) = -2;

% now tokens 2 is a string of -1s, -2s, 1s, 2s, can trim first known space;
% put final endstop at end
tokens2 = [tokens2(2:end); -2];

% can drop little spaces, b/c they don't matter when parsing;
tokens2(tokens2 == -1) = [];
tokens3 = tokens2;
tokens4 = {};
ctr = 1;
start_idx = 1;

%parse
toparse = find(tokens3(start_idx:end) == -2);

for j=1:length(toparse)
a = toparse(j);
temp = tokens3(start_idx:a-1);
tokens4{j} = temp;
% zeropad for easy comparison
%tokens4{j} = [tokens4{j}; zeros(length(tokens4{j}), 1)];
start_idx = a+1;

end

% now tokens4 is de-codeable tokens... proceed to setup lookups
% letters
code{1} = [1 2 ];
code{2} = [2 1 1 1];
code{3} = [2 1 2 1];
code{4} = [2 1 1];
code{5} = [1];
code{6} = [1 1 2 1];
code{7} = [2 2 1];
code{8} = [1 1 1 1];
code{9} = [1 1];
code{10} = [1 2 2 2];
code{11} = [2 1 2];
code{12} = [1 2 1 1];
code{13} = [2 2];
code{14} = [2 1];
code{15} = [2 2 2];
code{16} = [1 2 2 1];
code{17} = [1 2 1 2];
code{18} = [1 2 1];
code{19} = [1 1 1];
code{20} = [2];
code{21} = [1 1 2];
code{22} = [1 1 1 2];
code{23} = [1 2 2];
code{24} = [2 1 1 2];
code{25} = [2 1 2 2];
code{26} = [2 2 1 1];

% punct
code{27} = [1 2 1 2 1 2];
code{28} = [2 2 1 1 2 2];
code{29} = [1 1 2 2 1 1];
code{30} = [2 1 1 2 1];

% numbers

code{31} = [1 2 2 2 2];
code{32} = [1 1 2 2 2];
code{33} = [1 1 1 2 2];
code{34} = [1 1 1 1 2];
code{35} = [1 1 1 1 1];
code{36} = [2 1 1 1 1];
code{37} = [2 2 1 1 1];
code{38} = [2 2 2 1 1];
code{39} = [2 2 2 2 1];
code{40} = [2 2 2 2 2];

decode{1} = 'A';
decode{2} = 'B';
decode{3} = 'C';
decode{4} = 'D';
decode{5} = 'E';
decode{6} = 'F';
decode{7} = 'G';
decode{8} = 'H';
decode{9} = 'I';
decode{10} = 'J';
decode{11} = 'K';
decode{12} = 'L';
decode{13} = 'M';
decode{14} = 'N';
decode{15} = 'O';
decode{16} = 'P';
decode{17} = 'Q';
decode{18} = 'R';
decode{19} = 'S';
decode{20} = 'T';
decode{21} = 'U';
decode{22} = 'V';
decode{23} = 'W';
decode{24} = 'X';
decode{25} = 'Y';
decode{26} = 'Z';
decode{27} = '.';
decode{28} = ',';
decode{29} = '?';
decode{30} = '/';
decode{31} = '1';
decode{32} = '2';
decode{33} = '3';
decode{34} = '4';
decode{35} = '5';
decode{36} = '6';
decode{37} = '7';
decode{38} = '8';
decode{39} = '9';
decode{40} = '0';

% compare tokens to tables

out1 = [];

for j = 1:length(tokens4)
%zero pad temp_tok
temp_tok = [tokens4{j}; zeros(6 - length(tokens4{j}), 1)];
for k = 1:length(code)
if (temp_tok == [code{k}'; zeros(6 - length(code{k}), 1)]);
out1(j) = char(decode{k});
%display(decode{k})
end

end

% if didn't find a match
if isempty(out1(j))
out1(j) = '_';
end

end

% semi-prettify
outstring = 32*ones(2*length(out1),1);
outstring(2:2:end) = out1;
outstring = char(outstring');

%display('demorsed message:')
%display(outstring);
</pre>

Matlab/Octave deMorse.m

2011-12-01T19:46:54Z

Codlor:

<pre>
function outstring = demorse(wavfile);

%demorse a morsed input wav file

vis_on = 0;

threshold = 0.05;

x = wavread(wavfile);

% half-wave rectify x
x2 = abs(x);

% slow-wave filter
y = filter(ones(1,20)/20,1, x2);

% threshold (digitize) y
z = y > threshold;
% z is now effectively our morse signal

if vis_on
figure(1);
subplot(3,1,1);
plot(x, 'r');
title('original signal');

subplot(3,1,2);
plot(y);
title('HWR + Slow-wave filter -> envelope');
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(z, 'o', 'MarkerSize', 2);
title('Digitized Morse signal')

end

%zero pad z so we always start with an onset
z = [zeros(10,1); z];

% id tones/spaces -----------------------
% --> find changes between 0/1 and 1/0

b = diff(z);
% figure(3); plot(b, '.');
% 1: change from 1 to 0
% 0: no change
% -1: change from 0 to 1

c = b(b~=0);
c2 = find(b~=0);

tokens = -c .* diff([0; c2]);
% value == length of token
% sign == tone/space

% id shorts/longs -----------------------

% since short/long should be bi-modal dist, a regular average should give
% us a good cutoff point to distinguish between the two? (assuming equal
% counts of short and long...)
% use mean as simple cutoff point; smarter algorithms can get smarter about
% this classification if they want to.

% 1: short, 2: long, +: tone, -: space
tokens2 = tokens;

% cutoff tones, cutoff spaces;
cut_t = mean(tokens2(tokens2>0));
cut_s = mean(tokens2(tokens2<0));

tokens2(tokens > 0 & tokens < cut_t) = 1;
tokens2(tokens > 0 & tokens > cut_t) = 2;
tokens2(tokens < 0 & tokens > cut_s) = -1;
tokens2(tokens < 0 & tokens < cut_s) = -2;

% now tokens 2 is a string of -1s, -2s, 1s, 2s, can trim first known space;
% put final endstop at end
tokens2 = [tokens2(2:end); -2];

% can drop little spaces, b/c they don't matter when parsing;
tokens2(tokens2 == -1) = [];
tokens3 = tokens2;
tokens4 = {};
ctr = 1;
start_idx = 1;

%parse
toparse = find(tokens3(start_idx:end) == -2);

for j=1:length(toparse)
a = toparse(j);
temp = tokens3(start_idx:a-1);
tokens4{j} = temp;
% zeropad for easy comparison
%tokens4{j} = [tokens4{j}; zeros(length(tokens4{j}), 1)];
start_idx = a+1;

end

% now tokens4 is de-codeable tokens... proceed to setup lookups
% letters
code{1} = [1 2 ];
code{2} = [2 1 1 1];
code{3} = [2 1 2 1];
code{4} = [2 1 1];
code{5} = [1];
code{6} = [1 1 2 1];
code{7} = [2 2 1];
code{8} = [1 1 1 1];
code{9} = [1 1];
code{10} = [1 2 2 2];
code{11} = [2 1 2];
code{12} = [1 2 1 1];
code{13} = [2 2];
code{14} = [2 1];
code{15} = [2 2 2];
code{16} = [1 2 2 1];
code{17} = [1 2 1 2];
code{18} = [1 2 1];
code{19} = [1 1 1];
code{20} = [2];
code{21} = [1 1 2];
code{22} = [1 1 1 2];
code{23} = [1 2 2];
code{24} = [2 1 1 2];
code{25} = [2 1 2 2];
code{26} = [2 2 1 1];

% punct
code{27} = [1 2 1 2 1 2];
code{28} = [2 2 1 1 2 2];
code{29} = [1 1 2 2 1 1];
code{30} = [2 1 1 2 1];

% numbers

code{31} = [1 2 2 2 2];
code{32} = [1 1 2 2 2];
code{33} = [1 1 1 2 2];
code{34} = [1 1 1 1 2];
code{35} = [1 1 1 1 1];
code{36} = [2 1 1 1 1];
code{37} = [2 2 1 1 1];
code{38} = [2 2 2 1 1];
code{39} = [2 2 2 2 1];
code{40} = [2 2 2 2 2];

decode{1} = 'A';
decode{2} = 'B';
decode{3} = 'C';
decode{4} = 'D';
decode{5} = 'E';
decode{6} = 'F';
decode{7} = 'G';
decode{8} = 'H';
decode{9} = 'I';
decode{10} = 'J';
decode{11} = 'K';
decode{12} = 'L';
decode{13} = 'M';
decode{14} = 'N';
decode{15} = 'O';
decode{16} = 'P';
decode{17} = 'Q';
decode{18} = 'R';
decode{19} = 'S';
decode{20} = 'T';
decode{21} = 'U';
decode{22} = 'V';
decode{23} = 'W';
decode{24} = 'X';
decode{25} = 'Y';
decode{26} = 'Z';
decode{27} = '.';
decode{28} = ',';
decode{29} = '?';
decode{30} = '/';
decode{31} = '1';
decode{32} = '2';
decode{33} = '3';
decode{34} = '4';
decode{35} = '5';
decode{36} = '6';
decode{37} = '7';
decode{38} = '8';
decode{39} = '9';
decode{40} = '0';

% compare tokens to tables

out1 = [];

for j = 1:length(tokens4)
%zero pad temp_tok
temp_tok = [tokens4{j}; zeros(6 - length(tokens4{j}), 1)];
for k = 1:length(code)
if (temp_tok == [code{k}'; zeros(6 - length(code{k}), 1)]);
out1(j) = char(decode{k});
%display(decode{k})
end

end

% if didn't find a match
if isempty(out1(j))
out1(j) = '_';
end

end

% semi-prettify
outstring = 32*ones(2*length(out1),1);
outstring(2:2:end) = out1;
outstring = char(outstring');

%display('demorsed message:')
%display(outstring);
</pre>

Matlab/Octave deMorse.m

2011-12-01T19:44:19Z

Codlor:

function outstring = demorse(wavfile);

%demorse a morsed input wav file

vis_on = 0;

threshold = 0.05;

x = wavread(wavfile);

% half-wave rectify x
x2 = abs(x);

% slow-wave filter
y = filter(ones(1,20)/20,1, x2);

% threshold (digitize) y
z = y > threshold;
% z is now effectively our morse signal

if vis_on
figure(1);
subplot(3,1,1);
plot(x, 'r');
title('original signal');

subplot(3,1,2);
plot(y);
title('HWR + Slow-wave filter -> envelope');
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(z, 'o', 'MarkerSize', 2);
title('Digitized Morse signal')

end

%zero pad z so we always start with an onset
z = [zeros(10,1); z];

% id tones/spaces -----------------------
% --> find changes between 0/1 and 1/0

b = diff(z);
% figure(3); plot(b, '.');
% 1: change from 1 to 0
% 0: no change
% -1: change from 0 to 1

c = b(b~=0);
c2 = find(b~=0);

tokens = -c .* diff([0; c2]);
% value == length of token
% sign == tone/space

% id shorts/longs -----------------------

% since short/long should be bi-modal dist, a regular average should give
% us a good cutoff point to distinguish between the two? (assuming equal
% counts of short and long...)
% use mean as simple cutoff point; smarter algorithms can get smarter about
% this classification if they want to.

% 1: short, 2: long, +: tone, -: space
tokens2 = tokens;

% cutoff tones, cutoff spaces;
cut_t = mean(tokens2(tokens2>0));
cut_s = mean(tokens2(tokens2<0));

tokens2(tokens > 0 & tokens < cut_t) = 1;
tokens2(tokens > 0 & tokens > cut_t) = 2;
tokens2(tokens < 0 & tokens > cut_s) = -1;
tokens2(tokens < 0 & tokens < cut_s) = -2;

% now tokens 2 is a string of -1s, -2s, 1s, 2s, can trim first known space;
% put final endstop at end
tokens2 = [tokens2(2:end); -2];

% can drop little spaces, b/c they don't matter when parsing;
tokens2(tokens2 == -1) = [];
tokens3 = tokens2;
tokens4 = {};
ctr = 1;
start_idx = 1;

%parse
toparse = find(tokens3(start_idx:end) == -2);

for j=1:length(toparse)
a = toparse(j);
temp = tokens3(start_idx:a-1);
tokens4{j} = temp;
% zeropad for easy comparison
%tokens4{j} = [tokens4{j}; zeros(length(tokens4{j}), 1)];
start_idx = a+1;

end

% now tokens4 is de-codeable tokens... proceed to setup lookups
% letters
code{1} = [1 2 ];
code{2} = [2 1 1 1];
code{3} = [2 1 2 1];
code{4} = [2 1 1];
code{5} = [1];
code{6} = [1 1 2 1];
code{7} = [2 2 1];
code{8} = [1 1 1 1];
code{9} = [1 1];
code{10} = [1 2 2 2];
code{11} = [2 1 2];
code{12} = [1 2 1 1];
code{13} = [2 2];
code{14} = [2 1];
code{15} = [2 2 2];
code{16} = [1 2 2 1];
code{17} = [1 2 1 2];
code{18} = [1 2 1];
code{19} = [1 1 1];
code{20} = [2];
code{21} = [1 1 2];
code{22} = [1 1 1 2];
code{23} = [1 2 2];
code{24} = [2 1 1 2];
code{25} = [2 1 2 2];
code{26} = [2 2 1 1];

% punct
code{27} = [1 2 1 2 1 2];
code{28} = [2 2 1 1 2 2];
code{29} = [1 1 2 2 1 1];
code{30} = [2 1 1 2 1];

% numbers

code{31} = [1 2 2 2 2];
code{32} = [1 1 2 2 2];
code{33} = [1 1 1 2 2];
code{34} = [1 1 1 1 2];
code{35} = [1 1 1 1 1];
code{36} = [2 1 1 1 1];
code{37} = [2 2 1 1 1];
code{38} = [2 2 2 1 1];
code{39} = [2 2 2 2 1];
code{40} = [2 2 2 2 2];

decode{1} = 'A';
decode{2} = 'B';
decode{3} = 'C';
decode{4} = 'D';
decode{5} = 'E';
decode{6} = 'F';
decode{7} = 'G';
decode{8} = 'H';
decode{9} = 'I';
decode{10} = 'J';
decode{11} = 'K';
decode{12} = 'L';
decode{13} = 'M';
decode{14} = 'N';
decode{15} = 'O';
decode{16} = 'P';
decode{17} = 'Q';
decode{18} = 'R';
decode{19} = 'S';
decode{20} = 'T';
decode{21} = 'U';
decode{22} = 'V';
decode{23} = 'W';
decode{24} = 'X';
decode{25} = 'Y';
decode{26} = 'Z';
decode{27} = '.';
decode{28} = ',';
decode{29} = '?';
decode{30} = '/';
decode{31} = '1';
decode{32} = '2';
decode{33} = '3';
decode{34} = '4';
decode{35} = '5';
decode{36} = '6';
decode{37} = '7';
decode{38} = '8';
decode{39} = '9';
decode{40} = '0';

% compare tokens to tables

out1 = [];

for j = 1:length(tokens4)
%zero pad temp_tok
temp_tok = [tokens4{j}; zeros(6 - length(tokens4{j}), 1)];
for k = 1:length(code)
if (temp_tok == [code{k}'; zeros(6 - length(code{k}), 1)]);
out1(j) = char(decode{k});
%display(decode{k})
end

end

% if didn't find a match
if isempty(out1(j))
out1(j) = '_';
end

end

% semi-prettify
outstring = 32*ones(2*length(out1),1);
outstring(2:2:end) = out1;
outstring = char(outstring');

%display('demorsed message:')
%display(outstring);

Matlab/Octave deMorse.m

2011-12-01T19:43:35Z

Codlor:

<math>function outstring = demorse(wavfile);

%demorse a morsed input wav file

vis_on = 0;

threshold = 0.05;

x = wavread(wavfile);

% half-wave rectify x
x2 = abs(x);

% slow-wave filter
y = filter(ones(1,20)/20,1, x2);

% threshold (digitize) y
z = y > threshold;
% z is now effectively our morse signal

if vis_on
figure(1);
subplot(3,1,1);
plot(x, 'r');
title('original signal');

subplot(3,1,2);
plot(y);
title('HWR + Slow-wave filter -> envelope');
subplot(3,1,3);
plot(z, 'o', 'MarkerSize', 2);
title('Digitized Morse signal')

end

%zero pad z so we always start with an onset
z = [zeros(10,1); z];

% id tones/spaces -----------------------
% --> find changes between 0/1 and 1/0

b = diff(z);
% figure(3); plot(b, '.');
% 1: change from 1 to 0
% 0: no change
% -1: change from 0 to 1

c = b(b~=0);
c2 = find(b~=0);

tokens = -c .* diff([0; c2]);
% value == length of token
% sign == tone/space

% id shorts/longs -----------------------

% since short/long should be bi-modal dist, a regular average should give
% us a good cutoff point to distinguish between the two? (assuming equal
% counts of short and long...)
% use mean as simple cutoff point; smarter algorithms can get smarter about
% this classification if they want to.

% 1: short, 2: long, +: tone, -: space
tokens2 = tokens;

% cutoff tones, cutoff spaces;
cut_t = mean(tokens2(tokens2>0));
cut_s = mean(tokens2(tokens2<0));

tokens2(tokens > 0 & tokens < cut_t) = 1;
tokens2(tokens > 0 & tokens > cut_t) = 2;
tokens2(tokens < 0 & tokens > cut_s) = -1;
tokens2(tokens < 0 & tokens < cut_s) = -2;

% now tokens 2 is a string of -1s, -2s, 1s, 2s, can trim first known space;
% put final endstop at end
tokens2 = [tokens2(2:end); -2];

% can drop little spaces, b/c they don't matter when parsing;
tokens2(tokens2 == -1) = [];
tokens3 = tokens2;
tokens4 = {};
ctr = 1;
start_idx = 1;

%parse
toparse = find(tokens3(start_idx:end) == -2);

for j=1:length(toparse)
a = toparse(j);
temp = tokens3(start_idx:a-1);
tokens4{j} = temp;
% zeropad for easy comparison
%tokens4{j} = [tokens4{j}; zeros(length(tokens4{j}), 1)];
start_idx = a+1;

end

% now tokens4 is de-codeable tokens... proceed to setup lookups
% letters
code{1} = [1 2 ];
code{2} = [2 1 1 1];
code{3} = [2 1 2 1];
code{4} = [2 1 1];
code{5} = [1];
code{6} = [1 1 2 1];
code{7} = [2 2 1];
code{8} = [1 1 1 1];
code{9} = [1 1];
code{10} = [1 2 2 2];
code{11} = [2 1 2];
code{12} = [1 2 1 1];
code{13} = [2 2];
code{14} = [2 1];
code{15} = [2 2 2];
code{16} = [1 2 2 1];
code{17} = [1 2 1 2];
code{18} = [1 2 1];
code{19} = [1 1 1];
code{20} = [2];
code{21} = [1 1 2];
code{22} = [1 1 1 2];
code{23} = [1 2 2];
code{24} = [2 1 1 2];
code{25} = [2 1 2 2];
code{26} = [2 2 1 1];

% punct
code{27} = [1 2 1 2 1 2];
code{28} = [2 2 1 1 2 2];
code{29} = [1 1 2 2 1 1];
code{30} = [2 1 1 2 1];

% numbers

code{31} = [1 2 2 2 2];
code{32} = [1 1 2 2 2];
code{33} = [1 1 1 2 2];
code{34} = [1 1 1 1 2];
code{35} = [1 1 1 1 1];
code{36} = [2 1 1 1 1];
code{37} = [2 2 1 1 1];
code{38} = [2 2 2 1 1];
code{39} = [2 2 2 2 1];
code{40} = [2 2 2 2 2];

decode{1} = 'A';
decode{2} = 'B';
decode{3} = 'C';
decode{4} = 'D';
decode{5} = 'E';
decode{6} = 'F';
decode{7} = 'G';
decode{8} = 'H';
decode{9} = 'I';
decode{10} = 'J';
decode{11} = 'K';
decode{12} = 'L';
decode{13} = 'M';
decode{14} = 'N';
decode{15} = 'O';
decode{16} = 'P';
decode{17} = 'Q';
decode{18} = 'R';
decode{19} = 'S';
decode{20} = 'T';
decode{21} = 'U';
decode{22} = 'V';
decode{23} = 'W';
decode{24} = 'X';
decode{25} = 'Y';
decode{26} = 'Z';
decode{27} = '.';
decode{28} = ',';
decode{29} = '?';
decode{30} = '/';
decode{31} = '1';
decode{32} = '2';
decode{33} = '3';
decode{34} = '4';
decode{35} = '5';
decode{36} = '6';
decode{37} = '7';
decode{38} = '8';
decode{39} = '9';
decode{40} = '0';

% compare tokens to tables

out1 = [];

for j = 1:length(tokens4)
%zero pad temp_tok
temp_tok = [tokens4{j}; zeros(6 - length(tokens4{j}), 1)];
for k = 1:length(code)
if (temp_tok == [code{k}'; zeros(6 - length(code{k}), 1)]);
out1(j) = char(decode{k});
%display(decode{k})
end

end

% if didn't find a match
if isempty(out1(j))
out1(j) = '_';
end

end

% semi-prettify
outstring = 32*ones(2*length(out1),1);
outstring(2:2:end) = out1;
outstring = char(outstring');

%display('demorsed message:')
%display(outstring);

</math>

Matlab/Octave deMorse.m

2011-12-01T19:42:57Z

Codlor: Created page with ' function outstring = demorse(wavfile); %demorse a morsed input wav file vis_on = 0; threshold = 0.05; x = wavread(wavfile); % half-wave rectify x x2 = abs(x); % slow-wav…'

Signals and Systems

2011-12-01T19:40:02Z

Codlor: /* Articles */

== Topics ==
[[Fourier series - by Ray Betz|Overview of Signals and Systems]]

===Individual Subjects===
*[[Linear Time Invariant System|Linear Time Invariant Systems]]
**[[The Game|"The Game"]]
*[[Orthogonal functions|Orthogonal Functions]]
*[[Energy in a signal|Finding the Energy in a Signal]]
**[[Rayleigh's Theorem]]
*[[Fourier series|Fourier Series]]
*[[Fourier transform|Fourier Transforms]]
**[[Discrete Fourier transform]]
*[[Sampling]]
*[[FIR Filter Example]]
*[[Relationship between e, sin and cos]]

== Some Useful Links to Suppliment or Substitute for a Textbook ==
===Books on Signal Processing===
*[https://ccrma.stanford.edu/~jos/sasp/sasp.html Spectral Audio Signal Processing, by Julius O. Smith III]
*[http://www.dspguide.com/ The Scientist and Engineer's Guide to Digital Signal Processing by Steven W. Smith, Ph.D.] The professor likes this one.

===Fourier Series===
*[http://www.intmath.com/Fourier-series/Fourier-intro.php Interactive Mathematics (like a textbook with some examples)]
*[http://mathworld.wolfram.com/FourierSeries.html Mathworld]
*[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fourier_series Wikipedia]
*[http://web.mit.edu/2.14/www/Handouts/FreqDom.pdf MIT handout on Fourier Series, Fourier Transform, and Laplace Transform]
*[http://www.maths.mq.edu.au/~bon/Fourier%20Theory.pdf Fourier Theory B..M..N.. Clarke]

===Dirac Delta Function and Convolution===
*[http://web.mit.edu/2.14/www/Handouts/Convolution.pdf MIT handout on Dirac Delta Function and Convolution]

===Multi-rate Filtering===

[http://www.google.com/url?url=http://www.mds.com/tech/filter/multirate_article.pdf&rct=j&sa=U&ei=pD_UTJqtKY6ksQPbzPWMCw&ved=0CBUQFjAA&q=Purcell+Multirate+Filters&usg=AFQjCNFsHM7ROpUdrQ6py9ZH_RhQ_BeigA Multirate Filters Introduction]

[http://www.ws.binghamton.edu/fowler/fowler%20personal%20page/EE521_files/IV-05%20Polyphase%20FIlters_2007.pdf Slides from a Presentation on Polyphase Decimation and Interpolation by Mark Fowler]

===FIR Filters===

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/fir This is a very easy-to-understand summary of FIR basics, properties, design, and implementation]

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/multirate/decimation Another easy-to-understand article about decimation]

[http://www.dspguru.com/dsp/faqs/multirate/interpolation Another easy-to-understand article about interpolation]

===Adaptive FIR Filters===
[http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.42.6386&rep=rep1&type=pdf Introduction to Adaptive Filters, Simon Haykin]

[http://saba.kntu.ac.ir/eecd/taghirad/E%20books/TOC/Adaptive%20Filters.pdf Simon Haykin's book chapter]

[http://www.latticesemi.com/documents/doc22982x20.pdf?jsessionid=f0308ccf0f735471e49a6054323c5c177969 Adaptive LMS it an FPGA]

====Constant Modulus Algorythm====
[http://ens.ewi.tudelft.nl/Education/courses/et4147/sheets/cma_leus.pdf Using the CMA on antenna arrays]

===Course Pages===
[[2005-2006 Assignments]]

[[2006-2007 Assignments]]

[[2008-2009 Assignments]]

[[2009-2010 Assignments]]

[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/engr455index.htm Class notes for Signals & Systems]

==Articles==

===Octave Tutorials===
[[Installing Octave on a Mac]] (Chris Lau)

[[Octave and Scilab on a Mac]] (Ben Henry)

[[ASN2 - Octave Tutorial]] (Jodi S. Hodge)

[[A u(t) function example]]

[[FIR Filter Example Code for Octave]]

[[Leakage Example Octave Script]]

[[Interpolation using the DFT Example Script]]

[[Tuner Upper Removal Demonstration]]

[[Airplane Noise Removal Demonstration]]

===Final Project (2011)===
[[Matlab/Octave deMorse.m]]

===[[Table of Fourier Transform Properties]]===

==Homework Assignments==
Please put your name next to the assignment, linking it to your submission
* HW #1 - Make a personal page on this wiki ([[Christopher Garrison Lau I|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[user:chris.wills|Chris Wills]])[[Shepherd,Victor|(Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #2 - Write a tutorial about installing and/or using Octave ([[Installing Octave on a Mac|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Octave|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #3 - Show graphically that <math> \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} e^{j2\pi f(t-u)}\, df = \delta (t-u)</math> ([[HW 3|Chris Lau]])([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[user:chris.wills/HW3|Chris Wills]])([[Hw3|Victor Shepherd)]]

* HW #4 - Given a linear time-invariant system where <math>\ u(t) </math> produces an output <math>\ w(t) </math>, find the output due to any function <math>\ x(t) </math> ([[HW 4|Chris Lau]])
* HW #5: ([[HW 5|Chris Lau]])
** Part 1 - Find <math> \mathcal{F}[e^{- \sigma t} x(t)u(t)] </math> and relate it to the Laplace Transform. Derive the Inverse Laplace Transform of this from the inverse Fourier Transform.
** Part 2 - [[Image:20101006KeyDSCN3161.jpg|thumb|300px|center]]

* HW #6 - Pick a property of the Fourier Transform & present it on the Wiki. Make a table with all your properties. Interpret your property. ([[HW 6|Ben Henry]])([[Table of Fourier Transform Properties|Chris Lau]])([[Table of Fourier Transform Properties|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #7 - Finish the practice tests
* HW #8 - Make a page about interpolating FIR filters. Note how many multiply/add operations.([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Interpolating FIR filters|Chris Lau]])([[Hw8|Victor Shepherd]])
* HW #9 - Add to #8 writeup how to do a decimating filter and figure out how many multiply & adds are needed for a n/2 decimating low pass filter.([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Decimating FIR filters|Chris Lau]])([[Hw9|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #10 - Use Octave (or Mathlab or Silab) to plot the frequency response of low pass filters with cut off frequencies of 1/32T, 1/8T, and 1/4T and compare how many coeffficients are needed with an eye to answer the question "Is it less calculation to decimate and then filter, or better to put the filter in the pre-decimation filter?" ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw10|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #11 - Is our method the same as Mark Fowler's? See
[http://www.ws.binghamton.edu/fowler/fowler%20personal%20page/EE521_files/IV-05%20Polyphase%20FIlters_2007.pdf Wiki]. Same # multiply and adds? See Notes 11/3/10. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw11|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #12 - Experiment with a variety of signals having a 3Khz bandwidth to determine the resolution you can get when doing a cross correlation <math> \ r(m) =

\displaystyle\sum\limits_{n=0}^{N-1} x(n) x(n+m) </math>. You can generate the signals randomly and filter them to obtain the band-limited signals. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])
* HW #13 - Derive the following realtions:
**a) <math>DFT(x(k-l))\!</math>
**b) <math> DFT(e^{j2 \pi lk/N}x(k)\!</math>
**c) <math>\sum\limits_{k=0}^{N-1} x(k)y(k)^{*}=c\sum\limits_{k=0}^{N-1} X(n)Y(n)^{*}</math> ([[Hw13|Victor Shepherd)]]

* HW #14 - Come up with a use for an adaptiveFIR filter and make an Octave script to demonstrate it. ([[Jodi S. Hodge]])([[Hw14|Victor Shepherd)]]
* HW #15 - Do Practice Exam II ([[Hw15|Victor Shepherd)]]
* [[CW-Robot Octave Simulation]]

==People Involved with this Wiki==

===2010-2011 Contributors===
[[Ben Henry|Ben Henry]]

[[Christopher Garrison Lau I]]

[[user:chris.wills|Chris Wills]]

[[Jodi S. Hodge]]

[[Luke Chilson]]

[[Shepherd,Victor|Victor Shepherd]]

===2009-2010 Contributors===
[[Nick Christman]]

[[Joshua Sarris]]

[[Kevin Starkey]]

[[Max Woesner]]

[[Jodi Hodge]]

[[Corneliu Turturica]]

===2008-2009 Contributors===
[[User:eric.clay|Eric Clay]]

[[User:tsung-lin.yang|Chuck Yang]]

[[User:elton.zebron|Elton Zebron]]

[[User:Luke.chilson|Luke Chilson]]

[[User:Brandon.price|Brandon Price]]

[[User:Fonggr|Greg Fong]]

===2007-2008 contributors===

[[User:baldwin.britton|Baldwin Britton]]

[[User:Harrde|Denver Harris]]

[[User:Pridma|Mark Priddy]]

[[User:ChrisRas|Chris Rasmussen]]

[[User:RothMi|Michael Roth]]

[[User:Rothsa|Sally Roth]]

===2006-2007 contributors===

[[User:Smitry|Ryan J Smith]]

[[User:Nathan|Nathan Ferch]]

[[User:Andrew|Andrew Lopez]]

[[User:Sherna|Nathan Sherman]]

[[User:Adkich|Chris Adkins]]

===2005-2006 contributors===

[[User:GabrielaV|Gabriela Valdivia]]

[[User:SDiver|Raymond Betz]]

[[User:chrijen|Jenni Christensen]]

[[User:wonoje|Jeffrey Wonoprabowo]]

[[User:wilspa|Paul Wilson]]

[[User:Frohro|Instructor: Rob Frohne]]

===2004-2005 contributors===

[[User:Barnsa|Sam Barnes]]

[[User:Santsh|Shawn Santana]]

[[User:Goeari|Aric Goe]]

[[User:Caswto|Todd Caswell]]

[[User:Andeda|David Anderson]]

[[User:Guenan|Anthony Guenterberg]]

Tuner Upper Removal Demonstration

2011-11-29T01:38:56Z

Codlor:

% Demonstration of LMS algorithm for noise cancellation.
% Rich Kozick, Spring 1997
% Rob Frohne's modifications for Macintosh 2000.
% Desired signal
clear all
Totaltime=1;
speak('Hit a key and speak the signal.');
pause;
[st, Fs] = recordsound(Totaltime, 22050, 1);
s = st';
Ls = length(s);
% Interference + random noise
speak('Hit a key and make the noise!');
pause;
[nt,Fs] = recordsound(Totaltime, 22050, 1);
n = nt';
%Sign = 0.01;
%Dn=20; % Delay of the noise that appears in y.
%n = n(1:Ls) + Sign*randn(Ls,1);
%an = [0 .01 -.5 1 -.5 .1 .01 0];
an = 4*[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .5 1 .5];
bn = [1];
%sys = tf(an,bn,1/Fs);
%bode(sys);
%figure(1);
nf = filter(an,bn,n);
%nf = [nf(Dn:(Ls)); zeros(Dn-1,1)] + Sign*randn(Ls,1);
y = s + nf;
Sigx = 0.01;
bx = [1]; % bx and ax are filtering on n to produce x
ax = [1];
Dx = 1; % Delay of n that appears in x
x = filter(bx, ax, n);%x = [x(Dx:(Ls)); zeros(Dx-1,1)] + Sigx*randn(Ls,1);
%x = n + Sigx*randn(Ls,1);
speak('Here is the noisy signal.')
soundsc(y,Fs);
N = 20; % Length of adaptive filter
% LMS algorithm for adaptive noise cancellation
h = zeros(N,1);
mu = 1/(10*N*var(x));
%mu = 1.0;
for k=N:Ls xk = x(k:-1:(k-N+1)); nhat(k) = h'*xk; e(k) = - y(k) + nhat(k); h = h - mu*e(k)*xk;%/(xk'*xk);
end
% The signal estimate is in the vector e
speak('Here is the cleaned signal.');
soundsc(e,Fs);

Tuner Upper Removal Demonstration

2011-11-29T01:38:31Z

Codlor:

% Demonstration of LMS algorithm for noise cancellation.
% Rich Kozick, Spring 1997
% Rob Frohne's modifications for Macintosh 2000.
% Desired signal
clear all
Totaltime=1;
<nowiki>speak('Hit a key and speak the signal.');</nowiki>
pause;
[st, Fs] = recordsound(Totaltime, 22050, 1);
s = st';
Ls = length(s);
% Interference + random noise
speak('Hit a key and make the noise!');
pause;
[nt,Fs] = recordsound(Totaltime, 22050, 1);
n = nt';
%Sign = 0.01;
%Dn=20; % Delay of the noise that appears in y.
%n = n(1:Ls) + Sign*randn(Ls,1);
%an = [0 .01 -.5 1 -.5 .1 .01 0];
an = 4*[0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 .5 1 .5];
bn = [1];
%sys = tf(an,bn,1/Fs);
%bode(sys);
%figure(1);
nf = filter(an,bn,n);
%nf = [nf(Dn:(Ls)); zeros(Dn-1,1)] + Sign*randn(Ls,1);
y = s + nf;
Sigx = 0.01;
bx = [1]; % bx and ax are filtering on n to produce x
ax = [1];
Dx = 1; % Delay of n that appears in x
x = filter(bx, ax, n);%x = [x(Dx:(Ls)); zeros(Dx-1,1)] + Sigx*randn(Ls,1);
%x = n + Sigx*randn(Ls,1);
speak('Here is the noisy signal.')
soundsc(y,Fs);
N = 20; % Length of adaptive filter
% LMS algorithm for adaptive noise cancellation
h = zeros(N,1);
mu = 1/(10*N*var(x));
%mu = 1.0;
for k=N:Ls xk = x(k:-1:(k-N+1)); nhat(k) = h'*xk; e(k) = - y(k) + nhat(k); h = h - mu*e(k)*xk;%/(xk'*xk);
end
% The signal estimate is in the vector e
speak('Here is the cleaned signal.');
soundsc(e,Fs);

Cody Lorenz

2011-05-30T06:25:22Z

Codlor: /* Cody Lorenz */

==== 2011 Contributions ====

* United States Frequency Allocations

Cody Lorenz

2011-05-30T06:25:06Z

Codlor: Created page with '= Cody Lorenz = ==== 2011 Contributions ==== * United States Frequency Allocations'

= Cody Lorenz =

==== 2011 Contributions ====

* United States Frequency Allocations

Engineering Electronics

2011-05-30T06:19:50Z

Codlor: /* 2011 Contributors */

==Publish or Perish Game==
*[[Electronics Score Pages]]
*[[Rules]]
*[[Conference Deadlines]]

==Questions==

==Links==
*[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/osmhome/allochrt.pdf United States Frequency Allocations]
*[http://www.wallawalla.edu/academics/departments/engineering/students/classes/engr357/pcbtut/index.htm Mentor Graphics PCB Design]
*[http://www.dspguru.com/sites/dspguru//files/QuadSignals.pdf Quadrature Signals Explained]
* Software Defined Radio Links
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/R2_DSP/9804x040.pdf R2 DSP (an early software defined radio using a dedicated DSP)]
**[http://www.nonstopsystems.com/radio/frank_radio_sdr.htm Softrock and Theory]
**[http://www.wb5rvz.com/sdr/ Softrock Build Instructions and Notes]
**[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/softrock40/ Softrock Yahoo Interest Group]
**[http://www.flex-radio.com/News.aspx?topic=publications This collection of Software Defined Radio publications is fantastic.]
**[http://www.sdradio.eu/sdradio/ SDRadio]
**[http://openhpsdr.org/ Open High Performance Software Defined Radio]
**[http://www.norcalqrp.org/files/Tayloe_mixer_x3a.pdf Tayloe Mixer]
**[http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/redirector.jspx?action=ref&cname=AGILENT_EDITORIAL&ckey=1000001258-1%3Aepsg%3Atcn&lc=eng&cc=US Vector Network Analyzer Basics]
**[http://www.m-audio.com/images/global/manuals/Delta44_Manual.pdf M-Audio Delta 44 Sound Card Manual] This manual has useful specifications for determining the gain necessary for your software designed radio project.
**[http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/sloa093/sloa093.pdf Filter Design in 30 seconds]

*Wideband Transformers
**[http://www.electronics-tutorials.com/basics/wide-band-rf-transformers.htm wideband transformers]
**[http://www.semelab.com/rf/documents/Push-Pull%20Circuits%20and%20Wideband%20Transformers.pdf more wideband transformers (PDF)]

*[http://www.pericom.com/pdf/applications/AN047.pdf LVDS to PECL Interface]
*[http://www.fairchildsemi.com/an/AN/AN-780.pdf Positive Supply for ECL logic]

* Good links that explain how Radio originated
**[http://fcc.gov/omd/history/radio/ Radio Development]
**[http://transition.fcc.gov/pshs/techtopics/techtopics4.html Introduction to Software Defined Radio]

==2010 Contributors==

#[[Greg Fong|Fong, Greg]]
#[[Ben Henry|Henry, Ben]]
#[[Lau, Chris]]
#[[Shepherd,Victor]]
#[[Vier, Michael]]

==2011 Contributors==
#[[Brian Haddad|Haddad, Brian]]
#[[Michael von Pohle|von Pohle, Michael]]
#[[Matthew Blaire|Blaire, Matthew (Included in my name tag is Experimentation with LTspice)]]
#[[Cody Lorenz]]

==2010 Articles==
*[[Ideal vs. Nonideal Op Amps]]
*[[Chapter 1]]
*[[Chapter 2]]
*[[Basic Op Amp circuits]]
*[[Key Facts from Reading Chapter 1]]
*[[Golden Rules]]
*[[Integrator_Amplifier]] (by [[Ben Henry|Ben]])
*[[Circuit Board Layout Wisdom]]

==Draft Articles==
These articles are not ready for reading and error checking. They are listed so people will not simultaneously write about similar topics.

*[[Chapter 3 Problems]] by [[Ben Henry|Ben]]
* Disecting an Instrumentation Amplifier via [[Superposition]]
*[[Reading from Chapter 4]]

==Draft Articles awaiting review==
*[[Feedback in Amplifiers]]

==Contributing Articles==

*[[Generalized Transmitter]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Generalized Receiver]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Electronics Receiver]] (in progress, Kevin)
*[[Christman_GeneralizedReceiver|Generalized Receiver]] (Nick Christman)
*[[Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Jodi Hodge)
*[[Eric's Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Eric Clay)
*[[Yet another Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Joshua Sarris)

Engineering Electronics

2011-05-30T06:19:06Z

Codlor: /* Links */

==Publish or Perish Game==
*[[Electronics Score Pages]]
*[[Rules]]
*[[Conference Deadlines]]

==Questions==

==Links==
*[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/osmhome/allochrt.pdf United States Frequency Allocations]
*[http://www.wallawalla.edu/academics/departments/engineering/students/classes/engr357/pcbtut/index.htm Mentor Graphics PCB Design]
*[http://www.dspguru.com/sites/dspguru//files/QuadSignals.pdf Quadrature Signals Explained]
* Software Defined Radio Links
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/R2_DSP/9804x040.pdf R2 DSP (an early software defined radio using a dedicated DSP)]
**[http://www.nonstopsystems.com/radio/frank_radio_sdr.htm Softrock and Theory]
**[http://www.wb5rvz.com/sdr/ Softrock Build Instructions and Notes]
**[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/softrock40/ Softrock Yahoo Interest Group]
**[http://www.flex-radio.com/News.aspx?topic=publications This collection of Software Defined Radio publications is fantastic.]
**[http://www.sdradio.eu/sdradio/ SDRadio]
**[http://openhpsdr.org/ Open High Performance Software Defined Radio]
**[http://www.norcalqrp.org/files/Tayloe_mixer_x3a.pdf Tayloe Mixer]
**[http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/redirector.jspx?action=ref&cname=AGILENT_EDITORIAL&ckey=1000001258-1%3Aepsg%3Atcn&lc=eng&cc=US Vector Network Analyzer Basics]
**[http://www.m-audio.com/images/global/manuals/Delta44_Manual.pdf M-Audio Delta 44 Sound Card Manual] This manual has useful specifications for determining the gain necessary for your software designed radio project.
**[http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/sloa093/sloa093.pdf Filter Design in 30 seconds]

*Wideband Transformers
**[http://www.electronics-tutorials.com/basics/wide-band-rf-transformers.htm wideband transformers]
**[http://www.semelab.com/rf/documents/Push-Pull%20Circuits%20and%20Wideband%20Transformers.pdf more wideband transformers (PDF)]

*[http://www.pericom.com/pdf/applications/AN047.pdf LVDS to PECL Interface]
*[http://www.fairchildsemi.com/an/AN/AN-780.pdf Positive Supply for ECL logic]

* Good links that explain how Radio originated
**[http://fcc.gov/omd/history/radio/ Radio Development]
**[http://transition.fcc.gov/pshs/techtopics/techtopics4.html Introduction to Software Defined Radio]

==2010 Contributors==

#[[Greg Fong|Fong, Greg]]
#[[Ben Henry|Henry, Ben]]
#[[Lau, Chris]]
#[[Shepherd,Victor]]
#[[Vier, Michael]]

==2011 Contributors==
#[[Brian Haddad|Haddad, Brian]]
#[[Michael von Pohle|von Pohle, Michael]]
#[[Matthew Blaire|Blaire, Matthew (Included in my name tag is Experimentation with LTspice)]]

==2010 Articles==
*[[Ideal vs. Nonideal Op Amps]]
*[[Chapter 1]]
*[[Chapter 2]]
*[[Basic Op Amp circuits]]
*[[Key Facts from Reading Chapter 1]]
*[[Golden Rules]]
*[[Integrator_Amplifier]] (by [[Ben Henry|Ben]])
*[[Circuit Board Layout Wisdom]]

==Draft Articles==
These articles are not ready for reading and error checking. They are listed so people will not simultaneously write about similar topics.

*[[Chapter 3 Problems]] by [[Ben Henry|Ben]]
* Disecting an Instrumentation Amplifier via [[Superposition]]
*[[Reading from Chapter 4]]

==Draft Articles awaiting review==
*[[Feedback in Amplifiers]]

==Contributing Articles==

*[[Generalized Transmitter]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Generalized Receiver]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Electronics Receiver]] (in progress, Kevin)
*[[Christman_GeneralizedReceiver|Generalized Receiver]] (Nick Christman)
*[[Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Jodi Hodge)
*[[Eric's Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Eric Clay)
*[[Yet another Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Joshua Sarris)

Engineering Electronics

2011-05-30T06:18:10Z

Codlor: /* Links */

==Publish or Perish Game==
*[[Electronics Score Pages]]
*[[Rules]]
*[[Conference Deadlines]]

==Questions==

==Links==
*[http://www.ntia.doc.gov/osmhome/allochrt.pdf]
*[http://www.wallawalla.edu/academics/departments/engineering/students/classes/engr357/pcbtut/index.htm Mentor Graphics PCB Design]
*[http://www.dspguru.com/sites/dspguru//files/QuadSignals.pdf Quadrature Signals Explained]
* Software Defined Radio Links
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/R2_DSP/9804x040.pdf R2 DSP (an early software defined radio using a dedicated DSP)]
**[http://www.nonstopsystems.com/radio/frank_radio_sdr.htm Softrock and Theory]
**[http://www.wb5rvz.com/sdr/ Softrock Build Instructions and Notes]
**[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/softrock40/ Softrock Yahoo Interest Group]
**[http://www.flex-radio.com/News.aspx?topic=publications This collection of Software Defined Radio publications is fantastic.]
**[http://www.sdradio.eu/sdradio/ SDRadio]
**[http://openhpsdr.org/ Open High Performance Software Defined Radio]
**[http://www.norcalqrp.org/files/Tayloe_mixer_x3a.pdf Tayloe Mixer]
**[http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/redirector.jspx?action=ref&cname=AGILENT_EDITORIAL&ckey=1000001258-1%3Aepsg%3Atcn&lc=eng&cc=US Vector Network Analyzer Basics]
**[http://www.m-audio.com/images/global/manuals/Delta44_Manual.pdf M-Audio Delta 44 Sound Card Manual] This manual has useful specifications for determining the gain necessary for your software designed radio project.
**[http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/sloa093/sloa093.pdf Filter Design in 30 seconds]

*Wideband Transformers
**[http://www.electronics-tutorials.com/basics/wide-band-rf-transformers.htm wideband transformers]
**[http://www.semelab.com/rf/documents/Push-Pull%20Circuits%20and%20Wideband%20Transformers.pdf more wideband transformers (PDF)]

*[http://www.pericom.com/pdf/applications/AN047.pdf LVDS to PECL Interface]
*[http://www.fairchildsemi.com/an/AN/AN-780.pdf Positive Supply for ECL logic]

* Good links that explain how Radio originated
**[http://fcc.gov/omd/history/radio/ Radio Development]
**[http://transition.fcc.gov/pshs/techtopics/techtopics4.html Introduction to Software Defined Radio]

==2010 Contributors==

#[[Greg Fong|Fong, Greg]]
#[[Ben Henry|Henry, Ben]]
#[[Lau, Chris]]
#[[Shepherd,Victor]]
#[[Vier, Michael]]

==2011 Contributors==
#[[Brian Haddad|Haddad, Brian]]
#[[Michael von Pohle|von Pohle, Michael]]
#[[Matthew Blaire|Blaire, Matthew (Included in my name tag is Experimentation with LTspice)]]

==2010 Articles==
*[[Ideal vs. Nonideal Op Amps]]
*[[Chapter 1]]
*[[Chapter 2]]
*[[Basic Op Amp circuits]]
*[[Key Facts from Reading Chapter 1]]
*[[Golden Rules]]
*[[Integrator_Amplifier]] (by [[Ben Henry|Ben]])
*[[Circuit Board Layout Wisdom]]

==Draft Articles==
These articles are not ready for reading and error checking. They are listed so people will not simultaneously write about similar topics.

*[[Chapter 3 Problems]] by [[Ben Henry|Ben]]
* Disecting an Instrumentation Amplifier via [[Superposition]]
*[[Reading from Chapter 4]]

==Draft Articles awaiting review==
*[[Feedback in Amplifiers]]

==Contributing Articles==

*[[Generalized Transmitter]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Generalized Receiver]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Electronics Receiver]] (in progress, Kevin)
*[[Christman_GeneralizedReceiver|Generalized Receiver]] (Nick Christman)
*[[Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Jodi Hodge)
*[[Eric's Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Eric Clay)
*[[Yet another Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Joshua Sarris)

Engineering Electronics

2011-05-12T23:31:49Z

Codlor:

==Publish or Perish Game==
*[[Electronics Score Pages]]
*[[Rules]]
*[[Conference Deadlines]]

==Questions==

==Links==
*[http://www.dspguru.com/sites/dspguru//files/QuadSignals.pdf Quadrature Signals Explained]
* Software Defined Radio Links
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/R2_DSP/9804x040.pdf R2 DSP (an early software defined radio using a dedicated DSP)]
**[http://www.nonstopsystems.com/radio/frank_radio_sdr.htm Softrock and Theory]
**[http://www.wb5rvz.com/sdr/ Softrock Build Instructions and Notes]
**[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/softrock40/ Softrock Yahoo Interest Group]
**[http://www.flex-radio.com/News.aspx?topic=publications This collection of Software Defined Radio publications is fantastic.]
**[http://www.sdradio.eu/sdradio/ SDRadio]
**[http://openhpsdr.org/ Open High Performance Software Defined Radio]
**[http://www.norcalqrp.org/files/Tayloe_mixer_x3a.pdf Tayloe Mixer]
**[http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/redirector.jspx?action=ref&cname=AGILENT_EDITORIAL&ckey=1000001258-1%3Aepsg%3Atcn&lc=eng&cc=US Vector Network Analyzer Basics]
**[http://www.m-audio.com/images/global/manuals/Delta44_Manual.pdf M-Audio Delta 44 Sound Card Manual] This manual has useful specifications for determining the gain necessary for your software designed radio project.
**[http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/sloa093/sloa093.pdf Filter Design in 30 seconds]
*[[Circuit Board Layout Hints]]
*Wideband Transformers
**[http://www.electronics-tutorials.com/basics/wide-band-rf-transformers.htm wideband transformers]
**[http://www.semelab.com/rf/documents/Push-Pull%20Circuits%20and%20Wideband%20Transformers.pdf more wideband transformers (PDF)]

*[http://www.pericom.com/pdf/applications/AN047.pdf LVDS to PECL Interface]
*[http://www.fairchildsemi.com/an/AN/AN-780.pdf Positive Supply for ECL logic]

==2010 Contributors==

#[[Greg Fong|Fong, Greg]]
#[[Ben Henry|Henry, Ben]]
#[[Lau, Chris]]
#[[Shepherd,Victor]]
#[[Vier, Michael]]

==2011 Contributors==
#[[Brian Haddad|Haddad, Brian]]
#[[Michael von Pohle|von Pohle, Michael]]

==2010 Articles==
*[[Ideal vs. Nonideal Op Amps]]
*[[Chapter 1]]
*[[Chapter 2]]
*[[Basic Op Amp circuits]]
*[[Key Facts from Reading Chapter 1]]
*[[Golden Rules]]
*[[Integrator_Amplifier]] (by [[Ben Henry|Ben]])

==Draft Articles==
These articles are not ready for reading and error checking. They are listed so people will not simultaneously write about similar topics.

*[[Chapter 3 Problems]] by [[Ben Henry|Ben]]
* Disecting an Instrumentation Amplifier via [[Superposition]]
*[[Reading from Chapter 4]]

==Draft Articles awaiting review==
*[[Feedback in Amplifiers]]

==Contributing Articles==

*[[Generalized Transmitter]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Generalized Receiver]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Electronics Receiver]] (in progress, Kevin)
*[[Christman_GeneralizedReceiver|Generalized Receiver]] (Nick Christman)
*[[Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Jodi Hodge)
*[[Eric's Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Eric Clay)
*[[Yet another Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Joshua Sarris)

Engineering Electronics

2011-05-12T23:30:58Z

Codlor:

==Publish or Perish Game==
*[[Electronics Score Pages]]
*[[Rules]]
*[[Conference Deadlines]]

==Questions==

==Links==
*[http://www.dspguru.com/sites/dspguru//files/QuadSignals.pdf Quadrature Signals Explained]
* Software Defined Radio Links
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/R2_DSP/9804x040.pdf R2 DSP (an early software defined radio using a dedicated DSP)]
**[http://www.nonstopsystems.com/radio/frank_radio_sdr.htm Softrock and Theory]
**[http://www.wb5rvz.com/sdr/ Softrock Build Instructions and Notes]
**[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/softrock40/ Softrock Yahoo Interest Group]
**[http://www.flex-radio.com/News.aspx?topic=publications This collection of Software Defined Radio publications is fantastic.]
**[http://www.sdradio.eu/sdradio/ SDRadio]
**[http://openhpsdr.org/ Open High Performance Software Defined Radio]
**[http://www.norcalqrp.org/files/Tayloe_mixer_x3a.pdf Tayloe Mixer]
**[http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/redirector.jspx?action=ref&cname=AGILENT_EDITORIAL&ckey=1000001258-1%3Aepsg%3Atcn&lc=eng&cc=US Vector Network Analyzer Basics]
**[http://www.m-audio.com/images/global/manuals/Delta44_Manual.pdf M-Audio Delta 44 Sound Card Manual] This manual has useful specifications for determining the gain necessary for your software designed radio project.
**[http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/sloa093/sloa093.pdf Filter Design in 30 seconds]
*[[Circuit Board Layout Hints]]
*Wideband Transformers
**[http://www.electronics-tutorials.com/basics/wide-band-rf-transformers.htm wideband transformers]
**[http://www.semelab.com/rf/documents/Push-Pull%20Circuits%20and%20Wideband%20Transformers.pdf more wideband transformers (PDF)]

*[http://www.pericom.com/pdf/applications/AN047.pdf LVDS to PECL Interface]

==2010 Contributors==

#[[Greg Fong|Fong, Greg]]
#[[Ben Henry|Henry, Ben]]
#[[Lau, Chris]]
#[[Shepherd,Victor]]
#[[Vier, Michael]]

==2011 Contributors==
#[[Brian Haddad|Haddad, Brian]]
#[[Michael von Pohle|von Pohle, Michael]]

==2010 Articles==
*[[Ideal vs. Nonideal Op Amps]]
*[[Chapter 1]]
*[[Chapter 2]]
*[[Basic Op Amp circuits]]
*[[Key Facts from Reading Chapter 1]]
*[[Golden Rules]]
*[[Integrator_Amplifier]] (by [[Ben Henry|Ben]])

==Draft Articles==
These articles are not ready for reading and error checking. They are listed so people will not simultaneously write about similar topics.

*[[Chapter 3 Problems]] by [[Ben Henry|Ben]]
* Disecting an Instrumentation Amplifier via [[Superposition]]
*[[Reading from Chapter 4]]

==Draft Articles awaiting review==
*[[Feedback in Amplifiers]]

==Contributing Articles==

*[[Generalized Transmitter]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Generalized Receiver]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Electronics Receiver]] (in progress, Kevin)
*[[Christman_GeneralizedReceiver|Generalized Receiver]] (Nick Christman)
*[[Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Jodi Hodge)
*[[Eric's Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Eric Clay)
*[[Yet another Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Joshua Sarris)