Class Wiki - User contributions [en]

Main Page

2013-03-15T19:01:30Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

*[[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~rob.frohne/ClassNotes/ Class Notes]]

=Classes =

*[[Linear Network Analysis]]
*[[Feedback and Control Systems]]
*[[Engineering Electronics]]
*[[Electromechanical Energy Conversion]]
*[[Signals and systems|Signals and Systems]]
*[[Communications Systems]]
*[[Power Electronics]]

=Useful Tools=
*[[http://fweb.wallawalla.edu/weboctave-0.1.0/ Octave on FWEB ]]

Power Electronics

2013-03-15T18:18:08Z

Kelvin.bidwell: /* Feedback Analysis of Switched Mode Power Supplies */

[[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/engr460index.htm Class Notes]]

==Links==

[http://www.engr.colostate.edu/ECE562/course_info.html Collins' Course in Power Electronics, (a great resource with a lot of stuff)]
*[http://www.st.com/internet/com/TECHNICAL_RESOURCES/TECHNICAL_LITERATURE/APPLICATION_NOTE/CD00253868.pdf A Grid Tie Inverter Design]
====Conventers====
*SEPIC Converters
**[http://www.edn.com/article/521396-Understand_and_reduce_dc_dc_switching_converter_ground_noise.php?cid=EDNToday_20120410 Reduce Ground Noise in DC to DC Converters]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snva168d/snva168d.pdf Design Guide for SEPIC Converters]
**[http://www.eetimes.com/design/power-management-design/4370598/Benefits-of-a-coupled-inductor-SEPIC-converter?pageNumber=0&Ecosystem=power-management-design Coupled Inductor Improves Efficiency and Control in SEPIC Converter]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt309/slyt309.pdf Design Guide for Coupled Inductor SEPIC Converter]
**[http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2006cscc/papers/534-953.pdf Detailed Analysis of SEPIC Converters (Coupled and Uncoupled)]
**[http://www.how2power.com/newsletters/0911/articles/H2PToday_National_Wong&Man111809.pdf Current Mode Control using SEPIC Converter and Linear Current Regulator (80% Efficiency)]
*Cuk Converters
**[http://ace.ucv.ro/sintes11/Volume2/5%20ELECTRONICS/E12%20-%20NICULESCU%20Elena%202.pdf Detailed Analysis of Coupled Inductor Cuk Iverters]

====Transformer Design====
*[http://www.ti.com/lit/ml/slup127/slup127.pdf Better Tips on Transformer Design than the Book]
*[http://www.ti.com/lit/ml/slup197/slup197.pdf Eddy Current Loss in Transformers]

====Reliability====
[http://www.pvmips.org/publications/017.pdf Grid Tie Inverter Reliability] (Electrolytics and IGBTs have poor reliability.)

===Feedback Analysis of Switched Mode Power Supplies===
*[http://eprints.utm.my/1594/1/paper61.pdf Buck DC to DC Converter Design Very Similar to Mohan's Example in Chapter 4]
*[http://www.repositorio.ufma.br:8080/jspui/bitstream/1/212/1/IPEC_2010_State%20Space%20Decoupling%20Approach%20for%20Feedback%20Controller%20Design%20of%20Switching%20Converters.pdf State Space Approach to DC to DC Converter Controller Design, a 2010 paper you can understand!] [https://docs.google.com/file/d/1sp-EqQmWTWNqVrwFpbWJRi9haFz4I42xdRTqAML5wx13P4jfUWj4z4PHm-r-/edit?usp=sharing <-- Working Link]
*[http://www.venable.biz/tp-03.pdf A Paper on Optimum Controller Design (K Factor Approach Used in Chapter 4)]
*[http://www.wu.ac.at/inst/or/geyer/mfcir/node5.html State Space Approach to Estimate the K Factor]
====LTSpice Tutorials====
*[http://www.simonbramble.co.uk/lt_spice/ltspice_lt_spice.htm Nice Tutorials]

====How to Use LTSpice with the supplied PSpice Models====
*[[http://denethor.wlu.ca/ltspice/#models A page showing how to import models]]
*[[http://www.electronicspoint.com/pspice-ltspice-switchercad-schematic-conversion-t28041.html Forum results that cued me in to the fact you can open PSpice .sch schematics in LTSpice.]] (You need to select *.* (All Files) in the navigator window.)

===Class Project 2011===
*[http://mtjungle.com/pe/ 120 VAC LED Light Project]

===Class Project 2012===
*[Bicycle USB Electronic Charger]

==Additional Resources==
*I thought this might be a helpful resource [http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slva057/slva057.pdf Buck SMPS Converter Page] ~Matthew

==Class Contribution 2012==
*[[Matthew Blaire]]

*[[Christopher Garrison Lau I]]

*[[Trent Fleming]]

*[[Power Electronics:HW #4 Key]]

==KiCAD Tutorials==
*The following links are to the best KiCAD Tutorials that I've found. They're the only ones with voice narration. Unfortunately, the video's creator thought it would be better to use a synthesized voice. It can be quite tiresome. (Posted by Chris Lau 4/9/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkQ0nVX1q1k Tutorial 1]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HNMihqa844&feature=plcp&context=C46c7c99VDvjVQa1PpcFOo1yAmios_qLe59l30SDJc8OLz1rz8GQs%3D Tutorial 2]

*I enjoyed the Tutorials 1 and 2 that Chris put on the page it is very good at specifying the basics. (Matthew Blaire 4/10/12)
**I also Have found a helpful tutorial on creating components [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOHGv8pQDSg&feature=relmfu Add Component Tutorial]
**All of the relating tutorials to this one are pretty decent as well, but most of the material is covered in the tutorials that Chris posted

*KiCAD step by step tutorial (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/15/12)
**[http://www.kicadlib.org/Fichiers/KiCad_Tutorial.pdf Step by Step tutorial]

*Video on how to install KiCad onto Windows and how to use KiCad (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/17/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRXEc7pB0o0 Video]

*A FAQ page on many different parts of of KiCAD. From creating parts to schematic to PCB layout. (Cody Lorenz. Posted millions of years after the class ended. Actually 4/22/2012)
**[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kicad/FAQ FAQ]

==Homework #11==

===Matthew Blaire===

*I researched the ability to cross platforms and found that the only way to do this is to copy the net list of the schematic. You can do this by opening the files in the viewer and copying the created net list to another spice program.

*While the net list is not perfect and still requires some modifying, for the most part between spice programs the net list is compatible.

*I checked this not only with the programs and a couple hours of online research, but also through my Dad, who is an electrical engineer and has worked extensively with both programs.

Power Electronics

2013-03-15T18:17:19Z

Kelvin.bidwell: /* Feedback Analysis of Switched Mode Power Supplies */

[[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/engr460index.htm Class Notes]]

==Links==

[http://www.engr.colostate.edu/ECE562/course_info.html Collins' Course in Power Electronics, (a great resource with a lot of stuff)]
*[http://www.st.com/internet/com/TECHNICAL_RESOURCES/TECHNICAL_LITERATURE/APPLICATION_NOTE/CD00253868.pdf A Grid Tie Inverter Design]
====Conventers====
*SEPIC Converters
**[http://www.edn.com/article/521396-Understand_and_reduce_dc_dc_switching_converter_ground_noise.php?cid=EDNToday_20120410 Reduce Ground Noise in DC to DC Converters]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snva168d/snva168d.pdf Design Guide for SEPIC Converters]
**[http://www.eetimes.com/design/power-management-design/4370598/Benefits-of-a-coupled-inductor-SEPIC-converter?pageNumber=0&Ecosystem=power-management-design Coupled Inductor Improves Efficiency and Control in SEPIC Converter]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt309/slyt309.pdf Design Guide for Coupled Inductor SEPIC Converter]
**[http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2006cscc/papers/534-953.pdf Detailed Analysis of SEPIC Converters (Coupled and Uncoupled)]
**[http://www.how2power.com/newsletters/0911/articles/H2PToday_National_Wong&Man111809.pdf Current Mode Control using SEPIC Converter and Linear Current Regulator (80% Efficiency)]
*Cuk Converters
**[http://ace.ucv.ro/sintes11/Volume2/5%20ELECTRONICS/E12%20-%20NICULESCU%20Elena%202.pdf Detailed Analysis of Coupled Inductor Cuk Iverters]

====Transformer Design====
*[http://www.ti.com/lit/ml/slup127/slup127.pdf Better Tips on Transformer Design than the Book]
*[http://www.ti.com/lit/ml/slup197/slup197.pdf Eddy Current Loss in Transformers]

====Reliability====
[http://www.pvmips.org/publications/017.pdf Grid Tie Inverter Reliability] (Electrolytics and IGBTs have poor reliability.)

===Feedback Analysis of Switched Mode Power Supplies===
*[http://eprints.utm.my/1594/1/paper61.pdf Buck DC to DC Converter Design Very Similar to Mohan's Example in Chapter 4]
*[http://www.repositorio.ufma.br:8080/jspui/bitstream/1/212/1/IPEC_2010_State%20Space%20Decoupling%20Approach%20for%20Feedback%20Controller%20Design%20of%20Switching%20Converters.pdf State Space Approach to DC to DC Converter Controller Design, a 2010 paper you can understand!] [https://docs.google.com/file/d/1sp-EqQmWTWNqVrwFpbWJRi9haFz4I42xdRTqAML5wx13P4jfUWj4z4PHm-r-/edit?usp=sharing Working Link]
*[http://www.venable.biz/tp-03.pdf A Paper on Optimum Controller Design (K Factor Approach Used in Chapter 4)]
*[http://www.wu.ac.at/inst/or/geyer/mfcir/node5.html State Space Approach to Estimate the K Factor]
====LTSpice Tutorials====
*[http://www.simonbramble.co.uk/lt_spice/ltspice_lt_spice.htm Nice Tutorials]

====How to Use LTSpice with the supplied PSpice Models====
*[[http://denethor.wlu.ca/ltspice/#models A page showing how to import models]]
*[[http://www.electronicspoint.com/pspice-ltspice-switchercad-schematic-conversion-t28041.html Forum results that cued me in to the fact you can open PSpice .sch schematics in LTSpice.]] (You need to select *.* (All Files) in the navigator window.)

===Class Project 2011===
*[http://mtjungle.com/pe/ 120 VAC LED Light Project]

===Class Project 2012===
*[Bicycle USB Electronic Charger]

==Additional Resources==
*I thought this might be a helpful resource [http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slva057/slva057.pdf Buck SMPS Converter Page] ~Matthew

==Class Contribution 2012==
*[[Matthew Blaire]]

*[[Christopher Garrison Lau I]]

*[[Trent Fleming]]

*[[Power Electronics:HW #4 Key]]

==KiCAD Tutorials==
*The following links are to the best KiCAD Tutorials that I've found. They're the only ones with voice narration. Unfortunately, the video's creator thought it would be better to use a synthesized voice. It can be quite tiresome. (Posted by Chris Lau 4/9/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkQ0nVX1q1k Tutorial 1]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HNMihqa844&feature=plcp&context=C46c7c99VDvjVQa1PpcFOo1yAmios_qLe59l30SDJc8OLz1rz8GQs%3D Tutorial 2]

*I enjoyed the Tutorials 1 and 2 that Chris put on the page it is very good at specifying the basics. (Matthew Blaire 4/10/12)
**I also Have found a helpful tutorial on creating components [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOHGv8pQDSg&feature=relmfu Add Component Tutorial]
**All of the relating tutorials to this one are pretty decent as well, but most of the material is covered in the tutorials that Chris posted

*KiCAD step by step tutorial (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/15/12)
**[http://www.kicadlib.org/Fichiers/KiCad_Tutorial.pdf Step by Step tutorial]

*Video on how to install KiCad onto Windows and how to use KiCad (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/17/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRXEc7pB0o0 Video]

*A FAQ page on many different parts of of KiCAD. From creating parts to schematic to PCB layout. (Cody Lorenz. Posted millions of years after the class ended. Actually 4/22/2012)
**[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kicad/FAQ FAQ]

==Homework #11==

===Matthew Blaire===

*I researched the ability to cross platforms and found that the only way to do this is to copy the net list of the schematic. You can do this by opening the files in the viewer and copying the created net list to another spice program.

*While the net list is not perfect and still requires some modifying, for the most part between spice programs the net list is compatible.

*I checked this not only with the programs and a couple hours of online research, but also through my Dad, who is an electrical engineer and has worked extensively with both programs.

Power Electronics

2013-03-15T18:15:46Z

Kelvin.bidwell: /* Feedback Analysis of Switched Mode Power Supplies */

[[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/engr460index.htm Class Notes]]

==Links==

[http://www.engr.colostate.edu/ECE562/course_info.html Collins' Course in Power Electronics, (a great resource with a lot of stuff)]
*[http://www.st.com/internet/com/TECHNICAL_RESOURCES/TECHNICAL_LITERATURE/APPLICATION_NOTE/CD00253868.pdf A Grid Tie Inverter Design]
====Conventers====
*SEPIC Converters
**[http://www.edn.com/article/521396-Understand_and_reduce_dc_dc_switching_converter_ground_noise.php?cid=EDNToday_20120410 Reduce Ground Noise in DC to DC Converters]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/snva168d/snva168d.pdf Design Guide for SEPIC Converters]
**[http://www.eetimes.com/design/power-management-design/4370598/Benefits-of-a-coupled-inductor-SEPIC-converter?pageNumber=0&Ecosystem=power-management-design Coupled Inductor Improves Efficiency and Control in SEPIC Converter]
**[http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slyt309/slyt309.pdf Design Guide for Coupled Inductor SEPIC Converter]
**[http://www.wseas.us/e-library/conferences/2006cscc/papers/534-953.pdf Detailed Analysis of SEPIC Converters (Coupled and Uncoupled)]
**[http://www.how2power.com/newsletters/0911/articles/H2PToday_National_Wong&Man111809.pdf Current Mode Control using SEPIC Converter and Linear Current Regulator (80% Efficiency)]
*Cuk Converters
**[http://ace.ucv.ro/sintes11/Volume2/5%20ELECTRONICS/E12%20-%20NICULESCU%20Elena%202.pdf Detailed Analysis of Coupled Inductor Cuk Iverters]

====Transformer Design====
*[http://www.ti.com/lit/ml/slup127/slup127.pdf Better Tips on Transformer Design than the Book]
*[http://www.ti.com/lit/ml/slup197/slup197.pdf Eddy Current Loss in Transformers]

====Reliability====
[http://www.pvmips.org/publications/017.pdf Grid Tie Inverter Reliability] (Electrolytics and IGBTs have poor reliability.)

===Feedback Analysis of Switched Mode Power Supplies===
*[http://eprints.utm.my/1594/1/paper61.pdf Buck DC to DC Converter Design Very Similar to Mohan's Example in Chapter 4]
*[http://www.repositorio.ufma.br:8080/jspui/bitstream/1/212/1/IPEC_2010_State%20Space%20Decoupling%20Approach%20for%20Feedback%20Controller%20Design%20of%20Switching%20Converters.pdf State Space Approach to DC to DC Converter Controller Design, a 2010 paper you can understand!] [https://docs.google.com/file/d/1sp-EqQmWTWNqVrwFpbWJRi9haFz4I42xdRTqAML5wx13P4jfUWj4z4PHm-r-/edit?usp=sharing Working Link]
*[http://www.venable.biz/tp-03.pdf A Paper on Optimum Controller Design (K Factor Approach Used in Chapter 4)]
*[http://www.wu.ac.at/inst/or/geyer/mfcir/node5.html State Space Approach to Estimate the K Factor]
====LTSpice Tutorials====
*[http://www.simonbramble.co.uk/lt_spice/ltspice_lt_spice.htm Nice Tutorials]

====How to Use LTSpice with the supplied PSpice Models====
*[[http://denethor.wlu.ca/ltspice/#models A page showing how to import models]]
*[[http://www.electronicspoint.com/pspice-ltspice-switchercad-schematic-conversion-t28041.html Forum results that cued me in to the fact you can open PSpice .sch schematics in LTSpice.]] (You need to select *.* (All Files) in the navigator window.)

===Class Project 2011===
*[http://mtjungle.com/pe/ 120 VAC LED Light Project]

===Class Project 2012===
*[Bicycle USB Electronic Charger]

==Additional Resources==
*I thought this might be a helpful resource [http://www.ti.com/lit/an/slva057/slva057.pdf Buck SMPS Converter Page] ~Matthew

==Class Contribution 2012==
*[[Matthew Blaire]]

*[[Christopher Garrison Lau I]]

*[[Trent Fleming]]

*[[Power Electronics:HW #4 Key]]

==KiCAD Tutorials==
*The following links are to the best KiCAD Tutorials that I've found. They're the only ones with voice narration. Unfortunately, the video's creator thought it would be better to use a synthesized voice. It can be quite tiresome. (Posted by Chris Lau 4/9/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rkQ0nVX1q1k Tutorial 1]
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8HNMihqa844&feature=plcp&context=C46c7c99VDvjVQa1PpcFOo1yAmios_qLe59l30SDJc8OLz1rz8GQs%3D Tutorial 2]

*I enjoyed the Tutorials 1 and 2 that Chris put on the page it is very good at specifying the basics. (Matthew Blaire 4/10/12)
**I also Have found a helpful tutorial on creating components [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xOHGv8pQDSg&feature=relmfu Add Component Tutorial]
**All of the relating tutorials to this one are pretty decent as well, but most of the material is covered in the tutorials that Chris posted

*KiCAD step by step tutorial (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/15/12)
**[http://www.kicadlib.org/Fichiers/KiCad_Tutorial.pdf Step by Step tutorial]

*Video on how to install KiCad onto Windows and how to use KiCad (Posted by Trent Fleming 4/17/12)
**[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xRXEc7pB0o0 Video]

*A FAQ page on many different parts of of KiCAD. From creating parts to schematic to PCB layout. (Cody Lorenz. Posted millions of years after the class ended. Actually 4/22/2012)
**[http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Kicad/FAQ FAQ]

==Homework #11==

===Matthew Blaire===

*I researched the ability to cross platforms and found that the only way to do this is to copy the net list of the schematic. You can do this by opening the files in the viewer and copying the created net list to another spice program.

*While the net list is not perfect and still requires some modifying, for the most part between spice programs the net list is compatible.

*I checked this not only with the programs and a couple hours of online research, but also through my Dad, who is an electrical engineer and has worked extensively with both programs.

Engineering Electronics

2011-05-19T22:29:57Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

==Publish or Perish Game==
*[[Electronics Score Pages]]
*[[Rules]]
*[[Conference Deadlines]]

==Questions==

==Links==
*[http://www.wallawalla.edu/academics/departments/engineering/students/classes/engr357/pcbtut/index.htm Mentor Graphics PCB Design]
*[http://www.dspguru.com/sites/dspguru//files/QuadSignals.pdf Quadrature Signals Explained]
* Software Defined Radio Links
**[http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/R2_DSP/9804x040.pdf R2 DSP (an early software defined radio using a dedicated DSP)]
**[http://www.nonstopsystems.com/radio/frank_radio_sdr.htm Softrock and Theory]
**[http://www.wb5rvz.com/sdr/ Softrock Build Instructions and Notes]
**[http://groups.yahoo.com/group/softrock40/ Softrock Yahoo Interest Group]
**[http://www.flex-radio.com/News.aspx?topic=publications This collection of Software Defined Radio publications is fantastic.]
**[http://www.sdradio.eu/sdradio/ SDRadio]
**[http://openhpsdr.org/ Open High Performance Software Defined Radio]
**[http://www.norcalqrp.org/files/Tayloe_mixer_x3a.pdf Tayloe Mixer]
**[http://www.home.agilent.com/agilent/redirector.jspx?action=ref&cname=AGILENT_EDITORIAL&ckey=1000001258-1%3Aepsg%3Atcn&lc=eng&cc=US Vector Network Analyzer Basics]
**[http://www.m-audio.com/images/global/manuals/Delta44_Manual.pdf M-Audio Delta 44 Sound Card Manual] This manual has useful specifications for determining the gain necessary for your software designed radio project.
**[http://focus.ti.com/lit/an/sloa093/sloa093.pdf Filter Design in 30 seconds]

*Wideband Transformers
**[http://www.electronics-tutorials.com/basics/wide-band-rf-transformers.htm wideband transformers]
**[http://www.semelab.com/rf/documents/Push-Pull%20Circuits%20and%20Wideband%20Transformers.pdf more wideband transformers (PDF)]

*[http://www.pericom.com/pdf/applications/AN047.pdf LVDS to PECL Interface]
*[http://www.fairchildsemi.com/an/AN/AN-780.pdf Positive Supply for ECL logic]

==2010 Contributors==

#[[Greg Fong|Fong, Greg]]
#[[Ben Henry|Henry, Ben]]
#[[Lau, Chris]]
#[[Shepherd,Victor]]
#[[Vier, Michael]]

==2011 Contributors==
#[[Brian Haddad|Haddad, Brian]]
#[[Michael von Pohle|von Pohle, Michael]]

==2010 Articles==
*[[Ideal vs. Nonideal Op Amps]]
*[[Chapter 1]]
*[[Chapter 2]]
*[[Basic Op Amp circuits]]
*[[Key Facts from Reading Chapter 1]]
*[[Golden Rules]]
*[[Integrator_Amplifier]] (by [[Ben Henry|Ben]])
*[[Circuit Board Layout Wisdom]]

==Draft Articles==
These articles are not ready for reading and error checking. They are listed so people will not simultaneously write about similar topics.

*[[Chapter 3 Problems]] by [[Ben Henry|Ben]]
* Disecting an Instrumentation Amplifier via [[Superposition]]
*[[Reading from Chapter 4]]

==Draft Articles awaiting review==
*[[Feedback in Amplifiers]]

==Contributing Articles==

*[[Generalized Transmitter]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Generalized Receiver]] (in progress, Luke)
*[[Electronics Receiver]] (in progress, Kevin)
*[[Christman_GeneralizedReceiver|Generalized Receiver]] (Nick Christman)
*[[Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Jodi Hodge)
*[[Eric's Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Eric Clay)
*[[Yet another Generalized Receiver Explanation]] (Joshua Sarris)

RLC Circuit of February 10, 2011

2011-03-15T08:56:42Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

The problem was set up in class starting on [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/ENGR352/2011/Background/index.php?image=20110210BgDSCN3532.jpg&d=d.html February 10, 2011]. The Octave script below simulates the control system using a full order observer for the states, and assuming that the output voltage is all that is available for measurement.

% This script simulates the RLC circuit from the notes of February 10,
% 2011. It uses a full order observer. It also shows how to reorder
% the states. It includes a simulation of the system which is very
% interesting because it shows how there is a big error in the observer
% at first.

c=2 %Capacitance
R=3 %Resistance
L=4 %Inductance
A=[[0 -1/L];[1/c -1/(R*c)]]
B=[1/L; 0]
C=[0 1]
D=0
sys1=ss(A,B,C,D);
T=fliplr(eye(2)); %Transformation Matrix for swapping states
Ar=T*A*T^(-1); %Transformed system
Br=T*B;
Cr=C*T^(-1);
sysr=ss(Ar,Br,Cr,0);
Rr=obsv(sysr); %Observability Matrix for swapped states
R=obsv(sys1); %Not swapped Observability Matrix
rank_r=rank(R); %Is the system observable
rank_rr=rank(Rr)
g=place(sys1,[-1.5 -2.5]); %Place the poles for the controller
printf("Check to see if the place did the right thing.")
printf("The poles after feedback are at: ")
controller_poles = eig(A-B*g)
K=place(A',C',[-33,-30.5])' %Place poles for the observer
% Note: you can see the observer problem with poles [-100,-105]
% and initial conditions [1 2 3 4]
Ahat=A-K*C;
printf("Check to see if the place did the right thing.")
printf("The poles of the observer are: ")
observer_poles = eig(Ahat)
Bhat=B;
%Make a concatinated system of the observer and system
Atot=[[A, -B*g];[K*C, Ahat-Bhat*g]];
Btot=[B;Bhat];
Ctot=eye(size(Atot));
systot=ss(Atot,Btot,Ctot);
polestot=pole(systot)
t=0:.0001:.5;
[X,Y]=lsim(systot, zeros(size(t))', t, [5 5 1 1]');
plot(t,X)
legend('x_1','x_2','xhat_1','xhat_2')
title('System and Observer Simulation')
xlabel('Time (seconds)')
% Check the transformed to error terms total system.
T=[[1 0 0 0];[0 1 0 0];[1 0 -1 0];[0 1 0 -1]];
TAtotTI=T*Atot*T^(-1);
polestot_transformed=eig(TAtotTI);

[[File:RLC_control.png|600px]]

The controller exacerbates the overshoot because the observer has significant error on one state variable until about .2 seconds. In order to help the situation, we can just not drive the circuit until the observer has caught up. This cuts the overshoot roughly in half.

[[File:RLC_control_delay.png|600px]]

===Reduced Order Observer Simulation===

Here is the code for simulating the reduced order observer:

% This script is to design a reduced order observer and control
% system for our RLC Circuit.

clear

delta_t=.0001;
t_end=2;
x0=[5 5 0]'

c=2 %Capacitance
R=3 %Resistance
L=4 %Inductance
A=[[0 -1/L];[1/c -1/(R*c)]]
B=[1/L; 0]
C=[0 1]
D=0
sys1=ss(A,B,C,D);
T=fliplr(eye(2)) %Transformation Matrix for swapping states
Ar=T*A*T^(-1) %Transformed system
Br=T*B
Cr=C*T^(-1)
sysr=ss(Ar,Br,Cr,0);
C1=Cr(1:1)
A11=Ar(1:1,1:1)
A12=Ar(1:1,2:2)
A21=Ar(2:2,1:1)
A22=Ar(2:2,2:2)
B1=Br(1:1)
B2=Br(2:2)
poles=[-20]
L=(place(A22',A12'*C1',poles))'
M=A21*C1^(-1)-L*C1*A11*C1^(-1)
H=B2-L*C1*B1

G=place(sysr,[-1.5 -2.5]) %Place the poles for the controller
printf("Check to see if the place did the right thing.")
printf("The poles after feedback are at: ")
controller_poles = eig(Ar-Br*G)
G1=-G(1:1) % The minus is because we derived it with a u=+Gx and octave
% uses u=-Gx
G2=-G(2:2) % The minus is because we derived it with a u=+Gx and octave
% uses u=-Gx
F22=A22-L*C1*A12

Atot=[[A11+B1*G1,A12,B1*G2];[A21+B2*G1, A22, B2*G2];
[L*C1*(A11+B1*G1)+H*G1+M*C1,L*C1*A12,L*C1*B1*G2+F22+H*G2]];
Btot=[0 0 0]'

systot=ss(Atot,Btot);
polestot=pole(systot)
t=0:delta_t:t_end;
[X,Y]=lsim(systot, zeros(size(t))', t', x0);

plot(t,X)
legend('xm','xum','xhatum')
title('Reduced Order Observer Simulation')
xlabel('Time (seconds)')

Fixed!
The notes that go with this work are from February 28 through March 4.

RLC Circuit of February 10, 2011

2011-03-15T08:53:02Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

The problem was set up in class starting on [http://people.wallawalla.edu/~Rob.Frohne/ClassNotes/ENGR352/2011/Background/index.php?image=20110210BgDSCN3532.jpg&d=d.html February 10, 2011]. The Octave script below simulates the control system using a full order observer for the states, and assuming that the output voltage is all that is available for measurement.

% This script simulates the RLC circuit from the notes of February 10,
% 2011. It uses a full order observer. It also shows how to reorder
% the states. It includes a simulation of the system which is very
% interesting because it shows how there is a big error in the observer
% at first.

c=2 %Capacitance
R=3 %Resistance
L=4 %Inductance
A=[[0 -1/L];[1/c -1/(R*c)]]
B=[1/L; 0]
C=[0 1]
D=0
sys1=ss(A,B,C,D);
T=fliplr(eye(2)); %Transformation Matrix for swapping states
Ar=T*A*T^(-1); %Transformed system
Br=T*B;
Cr=C*T^(-1);
sysr=ss(Ar,Br,Cr,0);
Rr=obsv(sysr); %Observability Matrix for swapped states
R=obsv(sys1); %Not swapped Observability Matrix
rank_r=rank(R); %Is the system observable
rank_rr=rank(Rr)
g=place(sys1,[-1.5 -2.5]); %Place the poles for the controller
printf("Check to see if the place did the right thing.")
printf("The poles after feedback are at: ")
controller_poles = eig(A-B*g)
K=place(A',C',[-33,-30.5])' %Place poles for the observer
% Note: you can see the observer problem with poles [-100,-105]
% and initial conditions [1 2 3 4]
Ahat=A-K*C;
printf("Check to see if the place did the right thing.")
printf("The poles of the observer are: ")
observer_poles = eig(Ahat)
Bhat=B;
%Make a concatinated system of the observer and system
Atot=[[A, -B*g];[K*C, Ahat-Bhat*g]];
Btot=[B;Bhat];
Ctot=eye(size(Atot));
systot=ss(Atot,Btot,Ctot);
polestot=pole(systot)
t=0:.0001:.5;
[X,Y]=lsim(systot, zeros(size(t))', t, [5 5 1 1]');
plot(t,X)
legend('x_1','x_2','xhat_1','xhat_2')
title('System and Observer Simulation')
xlabel('Time (seconds)')
% Check the transformed to error terms total system.
T=[[1 0 0 0];[0 1 0 0];[1 0 -1 0];[0 1 0 -1]];
TAtotTI=T*Atot*T^(-1);
polestot_transformed=eig(TAtotTI);

[[File:RLC_control.png|600px]]

The controller exacerbates the overshoot because the observer has significant error on one state variable until about .2 seconds. In order to help the situation, we can just not drive the circuit until the observer has caught up. This cuts the overshoot roughly in half.

[[File:RLC_control_delay.png|600px]]

===Reduced Order Observer Simulation===

Here is the code for simulating the reduced order observer:

% This script is to design a reduced order observer and control
% system for our RLC Circuit.

clear

delta_t=.0001;
t_end=2;
x0=[5 5 0]'

c=2 %Capacitance
R=3 %Resistance
L=4 %Inductance
A=[[0 -1/L];[1/c -1/(R*c)]]
B=[1/L; 0]
C=[0 1]
D=0
sys1=ss(A,B,C,D);
T=fliplr(eye(2)) %Transformation Matrix for swapping states
Ar=T*A*T^(-1) %Transformed system
Br=T*B
Cr=C*T^(-1)
sysr=ss(Ar,Br,Cr,0);
C1=Cr(1:1)
A11=Ar(1:1,1:1)
A12=Ar(1:1,2:2)
A21=Ar(2:2,1:1)
A22=Ar(2:2,2:2)
B1=Br(1:1)
B2=Br(2:2)
poles=[-20]
L=(place(A22',A12'*C1',poles))'
M=A21*C1^(-1)-L*C1*A11*C1^(-1)
H=B2-L*C1*B1

G=place(sysr,[-1.5 -2.5]) %Place the poles for the controller
printf("Check to see if the place did the right thing.")
printf("The poles after feedback are at: ")
controller_poles = eig(Ar-Br*G)
G1=-G(1:1) % The minus is because we derived it with a u=+Gx and octave
% uses u=-Gx
G2=-G(2:2) % The minus is because we derived it with a u=+Gx and octave
% uses u=-Gx
F22=A22-L*C1*A12

Atot=[[A11+B1*G1,A12,B1*G2];[A21+B2*G1, A22, B2*G2];
[L*C1*(A11+B1*G1)+H*G1+M*C1,L*C1*A12,L*C1*B1*G2+F22+H*G2]];
Btot=[0 0 0]'

systot=ss(Atot,Btot);
polestot=pole(systot)
t=0:delta_t:t_end;
[X,Y]=lsim(systot, zeros(size(t))', t', x0);

plot(t,X)
legend('xm','xum','xhatum')
title('Reduced Order Observer Simulation')
xlabel('Time (seconds)')

There is a problem with this script, because the eigenvalues of Atot are not what we tried to set them to be. If you figure out what is wrong, fix it! The notes that go with this work are from February 28 through March 4.

Kelvin's Octave Assignment

2010-10-04T04:45:40Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

==Solve Linear System of EQ's with Octave==

x = A\b solves the equation ''A'''''x'''='''b'''

For example, this will solve and print solutions for the equations:

'''<math>1 \times x1+2 \times x2+3 \times x3=55</math>'''

'''<math>4 \times x1+5 \times x2+6 \times x3=20</math>'''

'''<math>7 \times x1+8 \times x2+9 \times x3=42</math>'''

clear all
close all
A=[1,2,3
4,5,6
7,8,9];
b=[55
20
42];
result = A\b;
x1=result(1)
x2=result(2)
x3=result(3)

Kelvin's Octave Assignment

2010-10-04T04:37:55Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

==Solve Linear System of EQ's with Octave==

This will solve and print solutions for the equations:

'''<math>1 \times x1+2 \times x2+3 \times x3=55</math>'''

'''<math>4 \times x1+5 \times x2+6 \times x3=20</math>'''

'''<math>7 \times x1+8 \times x2+9 \times x3=42</math>'''

clear all
close all
A=[1,2,3
4,5,6
7,8,9];
b=[55
20
42];
result = A\b;
x1=result(1)
x2=result(2)
x3=result(3)

Kelvin's Octave Assignment

2010-10-04T04:37:03Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

==Solve Linear System of EQ's with Octave==

This will solve and print solutions for the equations:

'''<math>1 \times x1+2 \times x2+3 \times x3=1</math>'''

'''<math>4 \times x1+5 \times x2+6 \times x3=2</math>'''

'''<math>7 \times x1+8 \times x2+9 \times x3=3</math>'''

clear all
close all
A=[1,2,3
4,5,6
7,8,9];
b=[1
2
3];
result = A\b;
x1=result(1)
x2=result(2)
x3=result(3)

Kelvin's Octave Assignment

2010-10-04T04:36:40Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

==Solve Linear System of EQ's with Octave==

This will solve and print solutions for the equations:

'''<math>x1+2 \times x2+3 \times x3=1</math>'''

'''<math>4 \times x1+5 \times x2+6 \times x3=2</math>'''

'''<math>7 \times x1+8 \times x2+9 \times x3=3</math>'''

clear all
close all
A=[1,2,3
4,5,6
7,8,9];
b=[1
2
3];
result = A\b;
x1=result(1)
x2=result(2)
x3=result(3)

Kelvin's Octave Assignment

2010-10-04T04:29:48Z

Kelvin.bidwell: Created page with '==Solve Linear System of EQ's with Octave== This will solve and print solutions for the equations: <math>x1+2*x2+3*x3=1</math> <math>4*x1+5*x2+6*x3=2</math> <math>7*x1+8*x2+9…'

==Solve Linear System of EQ's with Octave==

This will solve and print solutions for the equations:

<math>x1+2*x2+3*x3=1</math>

<math>4*x1+5*x2+6*x3=2</math>

<math>7*x1+8*x2+9*x3=3</math>

clear all
close all
A=[1,2,3
4,5,6
7,8,9];
b=[1
2
3];
result = A\b;
x1=result(1)
x2=result(2)
x3=result(3)

Bidwell, Kelvin

2010-10-04T03:37:04Z

Kelvin.bidwell: Created page with ''''Contact Info:''' '''Email:''' kelvin.bidwell@wallawalla.edu '''Phone:''' 509-524-6699'

'''Contact Info:'''

'''Email:''' kelvin.bidwell@wallawalla.edu

'''Phone:''' 509-524-6699

Fall 2010

2010-10-04T03:35:58Z

Kelvin.bidwell:

Put links for your reports here.

Links to the posted reports are found under the publishing author's name.

Please number and sort Authors alphabetically.

1. [[Bidwell, Kelvin]]
*[[Kelvin's Octave Assignment]]

2. [[Blaire, Matthew]]
*[[Matthew's Octave Assignment]]

3. [[Bryson, David]]
*[[David's Octave Assignment]]

4. [[Colls, David]]
*[[Colls Octave Assignment]]

5. [[Fullerton, Colby]]
*[[Colby's Octave Assignment]]

6. [[Martinez, Jonathan]]
*[[Martinez's Octave Assignment]]

7. [[Morgan, David]]
*[[David Morgan's Octave Assignment]]

8. [[Roth, Andrew]]
*[[Andrew's Octave Assignment]]
*[[Example: LaTex format]]
*[[Chapter 22--Fourier Series: Fundamental Period, Frequency, and Angular Frequency]]

9. [[Stirn, Jed]]
*[[Jed's Octave Assignment]]

10. [[Wooley, Andy]]
*[[Andy's Octave Assignment]]

11. [[Zimmerly, Brian]]
*[[Brian's Octave Assignment]]